Closing
Do GLP-1 receptor agonists improve glycemic control more than other treatments?
Mostly studied in obesity & overweight. Also asked versus placebo.
Not modeled yetTrial evidence exists, but no mechanistic model yetWithout a model there is no decisive experiment to propose. Help build it. →
Where the evidence stands
A coin flip. So far, the results disagree.
NoUnsureYes
- Belief
- 0.50 (range 0.00–0.55)
- Trials for
- 30
- Trials against
- 16
- Inconclusive
- 5
Already under way
- SHAPE-ENDO (Strategic Hormonal Approach & Prehabilitation in Endometrial Cancer): An Open-Label, Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Standard Immediate…NCT07462663 · not yet recruiting · started 2027
- Early Re-Initiation of Semaglutide Post Sleeve Gastrectomy in YouthNCT06934655 · not yet recruiting · started 2026
- Efficacy, Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Cagrilintide s.c. 2.4 mg as Monotherapy and in Combination With Semaglutide s.c. 2.4 mg (CagriSema) Once Weekly for…NCT07253285 · recruiting · started 2026
- Magnetic Compression Anastomosis in Side-to-Side Duodeno-ileostomy Versus Semaglutide in Adults With Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes (MAGvMED Study)NCT07317115 · recruiting · started 2026
- Efficacy and Safety of NNC0487-0111 s.c. Once-weekly Compared to Semaglutide s.c. Once-weekly in Participants With Overweight or Obesity, and Type 2 Diabetes…NCT07400107 · not yet recruiting · started 2026
The evidence so far
- Registered trials
- 737
- With posted results
- 244
- Published papers
- 57
Of 767 decided analyses: 434 favor glp-1 receptor agonists, 204 find no difference, 129 favor the comparator.
Papers
- Weight loss maintenance with exercise and liraglutide improves glucose tolerance, glucagon response, and beta cell function.Trial report · 2023
- The effect of adding exenatide to a thiazolidinedione in suboptimally controlled type 2 diabetes: a randomized trial.Trial report · 2007
- A comparison of twice-daily exenatide and biphasic insulin aspart in patients with type 2 diabetes who were suboptimally controlled with sulfonylurea and metformin: a non-inferiority study.Trial report · 2007
- Efficacy and safety of biphasic insulin aspart 70/30 versus exenatide in subjects with type 2 diabetes failing to achieve glycemic control with metformin and a sulfonylurea.Trial report · 2009
- Once-weekly glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist dulaglutide is non-inferior to once-daily liraglutide and superior to placebo in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: a 26-week randomized phase III study.Trial report · 2015
- Liraglutide in people treated for type 2 diabetes with multiple daily insulin injections: randomised clinical trial (MDI Liraglutide trial).Trial report · 2015
Trials
- Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes (LEAD-2): Effect on Glycaemic Control After Once Daily Administration of Liraglutide in Combination With Metformin Versus Metformin Monotherapy Versus Metformin and Glimepiride Combination Therapy in Subjects With Type 2 DiabetesNCT00318461 · 66 posted results
- A Phase 3, Randomized, Open-Label Trial Comparing Efficacy and Safety of Tirzepatide Versus Semaglutide Once Weekly as Add-on Therapy to Metformin in Patients With Type 2 DiabetesNCT03987919 · 23 posted results
- A Phase 2 Study of Once-Daily LY3502970 Compared With Placebo and Once-Weekly Dulaglutide in Participants With Type 2 Diabetes MellitusNCT05048719 · 40 posted results
- Efficacy and Long-term Safety of Oral Semaglutide Versus Sitagliptin in Subjects With Type 2 DiabetesNCT02607865 · 27 posted results
- A Phase 3 Study of Tirzepatide Monotherapy Compared to Dulaglutide 0.75 mg in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes MellitusNCT03861052 · 25 posted results
- The Effect of Tirzepatide on α and β Cell Function and Insulin Sensitivity in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes MellitusNCT03951753 · 24 posted results
- A Phase 4, Randomized, Open-Label, Active-Controlled Study to Investigate the Efficacy and Safety of Switching From Weekly Dulaglutide to Weekly Tirzepatide in Adults With Type 2 DiabetesNCT05564039 · 6 posted results
- Effect of Liraglutide or Glimepiride Added to Metformin on Glycaemic Control in Subjects With Type 2 DiabetesNCT00614120 · 7 posted results