Settled
Do SGLT2 inhibitors improve glycemic control versus placebo?
Mostly studied in obesity & overweight. Also asked against other treatments.
Not modeled yetTrial evidence exists, but no mechanistic model yetWithout a model there is no decisive experiment to propose. Help build it. →
Where the evidence stands
Very likely. So far, repeated by independent trials.
NoUnsureYes
- Belief
- 0.92 (range 0.69–1.00)
- Trials for
- 69
- Trials against
- 6
- Inconclusive
- 1
Already under way
- Treating the Metabolic Syndrome With a Sodium-glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitor: a Randomised Controlled TrialNCT07065357 · enrolling by invitation · started 2025
- Role of Empagliflozin in Metabolic Changes Associated With Antiretroviral Therapy in Human Immunodeficiency VirusNCT07336797 · recruiting · started 2025
- Effectiveness of Pharmacologic, Surgical, and Dietetic Weight Loss Methods on Lifespan in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome: a Comparative Clinical TrialNCT06410352 · recruiting · started 2024
- Pioneering and Affordable Strategies to Prevent Progression of Prediabetes, Obesity and CV Risk in HispanicsNCT06446531 · recruiting · started 2024
- Efficacy of Double vs Standard Empapagliflozin Dose for METabolic syndromE tReatment (DEMETER - SIRIO 11) StudyNCT05905965 · recruiting · started 2023
The evidence so far
- Registered trials
- 475
- With posted results
- 155
- Published papers
- 38
Of 563 decided analyses: 425 favor sglt2 inhibitors, 91 find no difference, 47 favor the comparator.
Papers
- Efficacy and safety of enavogliflozin versus dapagliflozin added to metformin plus gemigliptin treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes: A double-blind, randomized, comparator-active study: ENHANCE-D study.Trial report · 2023
- Efficacy and safety of ipragliflozin as an add-on therapy to sitagliptin and metformin in Korean patients with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized controlled trial.Trial report · 2018
- Empagliflozin versus metformin for glucose variability and metabolic outcomes in drug-naïve type 2 diabetes: The EMPA-FIT study.Trial report · 2026
- Long-term glycaemic response and tolerability of dapagliflozin versus a sulphonylurea as add-on therapy to metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes: 4-year data.Trial report · 2015
- Bexagliflozin as an adjunct to metformin for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in adults: A 24-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.Trial report · 2023
- Efficacy and safety of canagliflozin, an inhibitor of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2, when used in conjunction with insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes.Trial report · 2015
Trials
- A 24-week Phase III Randomized, Double-blind, Parallel Group Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Twice Daily Oral Administration of Empagliflozin + Metformin Compared With the Individual Components of Empagliflozin or Metformin in Drug Naive Patients With Type 2 Diabetes MellitusNCT01719003 · 18 posted results
- A Phase III, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Active-Comparator Controlled Clinical Trial to Study the Safety and Efficacy of the Addition of Sitagliptin Compared With the Addition of Dapagliflozin in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Mild Renal Impairment Who Have Inadequate Glycemic Control on Metformin With or Without a SulfonylureaNCT02532855 · 9 posted results
- A Double-blind, Randomised, Placebo-controlled, Parallel Group Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Empagliflozin and Linagliptin Over 26 Weeks, With a Double-blind Active Treatment Safety Extension Period up to 52 Weeks, in Children and Adolescents With Type 2 Diabetes MellitusNCT03429543 · 18 posted results
- Efficacy and Safety of Oral Semaglutide Versus Empagliflozin in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes MellitusNCT02863328 · 20 posted results
- A 52-week Randomized, Double-blind, Double-dummy, Active and Placebo-controlled, Parallel-group, Multicenter Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Sotagliflozin Compared to Glimepiride or Placebo Added to Metformin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Who Have Inadequate Glycemic Control With Metformin MonotherapyNCT03332771 · 6 posted results
- A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel Group, Randomized, Phase 2/3 Trial to Evaluate the Glycemic Efficacy, Renal Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of Dapagliflozin in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Moderate Renal Impairment Who Have Inadequate Glycemic ControlNCT00663260 · 4 posted results
- A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel Group, Phase 2 Trial to Explore the Safety, Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Dapagliflozin as an Add-on to Insulin Therapy in Subjects With Type 1 Diabetes MellitusNCT01498185 · 4 posted results
- DAPAMAAST: A Double-blind, Randomized, Phase IV, Mechanistic, Placebo-controlled, Cross-over, Single-center Study to Evaluate the Effects of 5 Weeks Dapagliflozin Treatment on Insulin Sensitivity in Skeletal Muscle in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients.NCT03338855 · 4 posted results