Trial reportObesity (Silver Spring, Md.)2023
Weight loss maintenance with exercise and liraglutide improves glucose tolerance, glucagon response, and beta cell function.
Trial report in Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 2023. The graph read 4 numbers from its abstract, feeding 2 cells of the map: it supports the treatment in 2. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
After 1 year of treatment, the combination group had decreased postprandial glucose response by -9% (95% CI: -14% to -3%; p = 0.002), improved beta cell function by 49% (95% CI: 16% to 93%; p = 0.002), and decreased glucagon response by -18% (95% CI: -34% to -3%; p = 0.024) compared with placebo.
Compared with placebo, liraglutide alone improved postprandial glucose response by -7% (95% CI: -12% to -1%; p = 0.018), but not beta cell function or glucagon.
After 1 year of treatment, the combination group had decreased postprandial glucose response by -9% (95% CI: -14% to -3%; p = 0.002), improved beta cell function by 49% (95% CI: 16% to 93%; p = 0.002), and decreased glucagon response by -18% (95% CI: -34% to -3%; p = 0.024) compared with placebo.
Read, but not usablea number the graph found but could not read as for or against
After 1 year of treatment, the combination group had decreased postprandial glucose response by -9% (95% CI: -14% to -3%; p = 0.002), improved beta cell function by 49% (95% CI: 16% to 93%; p = 0.002), and decreased glucagon response by -18% (95% CI: -34% to -3%; p = 0.024) compared with placebo.
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Where it lands on the map
Rows are treatments, columns are outcomes. The coloured squares are the cells this paper feeds, coloured by the vote it casts there. Click one to jump to what this paper adds to it.
What it adds to each cell
For every cell the paper feeds: the belief in the claim with and without this paper, and this paper's estimate drawn against every other readable study in the cell. The ringed dot is this paper.
GLP-1 receptor agonists×glycemic control
SupportsOpen on the map →What to test next →40 readable studies in this cell: 89 favour the treatment, 16 find no difference, 10 favour the comparator.
Diet, exercise & lifestyle×glycemic control
SupportsOpen on the map →What to test next →5 readable studies in this cell: 4 favour the treatment, 1 find no difference, 0 favour the comparator.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Weight Loss Induces Changes in Vitamin D Status in Women With Obesity But Not in Men: A Randomized Clinical Trial.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Trial
- Progressive Weight Loss-Induced Remission of Insulin Resistance/Hyperinsulinemia and Improvements in Cardiovascular Risk Factors.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2025Trial
- Comparative Efficacy of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists, Exercise, and Their Combination on Body Composition and Glucolipid Metabolism in Adults With Overweight or Obesity: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026Review
- Article
- Liraglutide in combination with zoledronic acid and calcium carbonate and vitamin D3 for diabetic osteoporosis: efficacy and glycometabolism impact.American journal of translational research · 2026Article
- 5. Facilitating Positive Health Behaviors and Well-being to Improve Health Outcomes: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2026.Diabetes care · 2026Review
- Review
- Liraglutide Treatment Restores Cardiac Function After Isoprenaline-Induced Myocardial Injury and Prevents Heart Failure in Rats.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Comparative Effects of Exercise and GLP-1 RAs on Type 2 Diabetic Rat Model: A Systematic Review.International journal of exercise science · 2025Review
- Metabolic alliance: pharmacotherapy and exercise management of obesity.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2024Article
- Healthy weight loss maintenance with exercise, GLP-1 receptor agonist, or both combined followed by one year without treatment: a post-treatment analysis of a randomised placebo-controlled trial.EClinicalMedicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The marked sentences are the ones the graph read a number from.
objectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate glucose tolerance, glucagon response, and beta cell function during a 1-year maintenance period with either exercise, the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist liraglutide, or the combination after diet-induced weight loss.
methodsIn this randomized placebo-controlled trial, adults with obesity (BMI: 32-43 kg/m
resultsA total of 195 participants were randomized. After 1 year of treatment, the combination group had decreased postprandial glucose response by -9% (95% CI: -14% to -3%; p = 0.002), improved beta cell function by 49% (95% CI: 16% to 93%; p = 0.002), and decreased glucagon response by -18% (95% CI: -34% to -3%; p = 0.024) compared with placebo. Compared with placebo, liraglutide alone improved postprandial glucose response by -7% (95% CI: -12% to -1%; p = 0.018), but not beta cell function or glucagon. Exercise alone had similar postprandial glucose response, beta cell function, and glucagon response as placebo.
conclusionsOnly the combination of exercise and liraglutide improved glucose tolerance, beta cell function, and glucagon responses after weight loss.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.