Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41680311›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Effect of the BOPPPS-based blended teaching model in undergraduate nursing education: a quasi-experimental study.

Yehua Dai, Qi He, Lixia Lei

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Yehua DaiSchool of Nursing, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, 423000, Hunan, China.
Qi HeSchool of Nursing, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, 423000, Hunan, China. 894739394@qq.com.
Lixia LeiSchool of Nursing, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, 423000, Hunan, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This quasi-experimental study was conducted with undergraduate nursing students at Xiangnan University in China between March 2023 and January 2024. Using a cluster allocation method, students in classes 1–2 were assigned to the conventional (lecture-based) teaching group, while students in classes 3–4 were assigned to the experimental group receiving BOPPPS-based blended teaching via the Chaoxing Learning Platform. The primary outcome was semester performance, with academic self-efficacy and learning engagement as secondary outcomes. A total of 193 participants (28 males) were enrolled: 97 in the BOPPPS group (mean age 19.89 ± 0.48 years; 13 males) and 96 in the conventional group (mean age 19.83 ± 0.47 years; 15 males). There was no statistically significant difference in the general information and academic performance between the two groups of students in the baseline survey (P > 0.05). Following the teaching intervention, outcomes were compared between the two groups. The BOPPPS group demonstrated significantly higher semester performance (89.73 ± 6.67 vs. 84.24 ± 6.20), academic self-efficacy scores (82.36 ± 15.83 vs. 72.02 ± 20.70), and learning engagement scores (89.75 ± 13.81 vs. 77.22 ± 23.99) than the conventional group (all P < 0.001). These results suggest that the BOPPPS-based blended teaching model appears to enhance nursing students’ semester performance, academic self-efficacy, and learning engagement compared with conventional lecture-based teaching.

Indexed as

Blended teachingBOPPPS teaching modelLearning engagementNursing educationSelf-efficacy

Identifiers

PMID41680311
PMCPMC12976344

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.