Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41088335›Full record

Trial reportBMC medical education2025

Efficacy of problem-based learning in enhancing health education skills, self-directed learning, and critical thinking among nursing interns: a prospective cohort study.

Huarong Xue, Yan Lu, Liyan Liu

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMC medical education, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Huarong Xue *Department of Surgery, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
Yan Lu *Department of Surgery, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
Liyan LiuDepartment of Surgery, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China. liuliyan_312@163.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTraditional didactic teaching methods have been the cornerstone of nursing education, the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) has gained recognition in healthcare education as a student-centered instructional strategy with the potential to enhance critical thinking.

objectiveThis study aims to investigate the effect of PBL on the health education ability of nursing interns in order to promote the development of nursing education.

methodsA prospective cohort study was conducted with 142 nursing interns randomly assigned to either a control group (traditional teaching method) or an observation group (PBL teaching method), with 71 individuals in each group. The control group used the traditional teaching mode, and the observation group used the PBL teaching mode for 2 months. The primary outcome measures included assessment scores, health education ability, self-directed learning ability, critical thinking ability, and overall teaching satisfaction.

resultsThe comparison of assessment scores revealed that the PBL Teaching Group demonstrated significantly improved post-test scores compared to the Traditional Teaching Group (P < 0.05). Additionally, the PBL Teaching Group displayed significantly higher post-assessment scores in health education ability (P < 0.05), self-directed learning ability (P < 0.05), and critical thinking ability (P < 0.05). The results show a significant positive correlation between health education skills and self-directed learning (r = 0.478, P < 0.001), significant positive correlation between health education skills and critical thinking (r = 0.854, P < 0.001),significant positive correlation between self-directed learning and critical thinking (r = 0.553, P < 0.001).In addition, the overall satisfaction level of PBL group (28.69 ± 6.28) was significantly higher than that of traditional teaching group (25.14 ± 7.78) (P < 0.05).

conclusionThis study provides evidence to support the use of PBL as an effective teaching method to improve the health education ability of nursing interns, and provides new ideas and methods for nursing education.

trial registrationNot applicable.

Indexed as

Education, NursingHealth EducationProblem-Based LearningSelf-Directed Learning as TopicThinkingAdultEducational MeasurementFemaleHumansInternship and ResidencyMaleProspective StudiesStudents, NursingYoung AdultCritical thinking, health education abilityNursing internsProblem-Based learningSelf-Directed learning

Identifiers

PMID41088335
PMCPMC12522688

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.