Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41032936›Full record

ArticleJournal of inorganic biochemistry2026

Fermentative growth decreases the iron demand of Staphylococcus aureus.

Jeffrey M Boyd, Gustavo Rios-Delgado, Karla Esquilín-Lebrón, Kylie Ryan Kaler, Gautam Mereddy, Javiera Norambuena, Vincent Zheng, William N Beavers, Jisun Kim, Dane Parker and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of inorganic biochemistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Jeffrey M BoydDepartment of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA. Electronic address: jeffboyd@SEBS.rutgers.edu.
Gustavo Rios-DelgadoDepartment of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
Karla Esquilín-LebrónDepartment of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
Kylie Ryan KalerDepartment of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
Gautam MereddyDepartment of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Molecular Genetics, Center for Emerging Pathogens, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
Javiera NorambuenaDepartment of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
Vincent ZhengDepartment of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
William N BeaversDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Jisun KimDepartment of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
Dane ParkerDepartment of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
Eric P SkaarDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Ronan K CarrollDepartment of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA.
Jason H YangDepartment of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Molecular Genetics, Center for Emerging Pathogens, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.

Funding

Mechanisms of cellular respiration-dependent cell lysis and its impact on biofilm formation and disassembly in Staphylococcus aureus.R01AI139100 · NIAID · RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIV OF N.J. · PI BOYD, JEFF M · 2018 to 2022
$1.9M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI139100
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Iron (Fe) is an essential nutrient for S. aureus survivability and pathogenesis, but excess Fe can catalyze the formation of toxic oxygen radicals, emphasizing the importance of maintaining proper Fe homeostasis. The essentiality of Fe for bacteria is exploited by host immunity strategies, which employ metal-binding proteins to decrease the availability of metal ions such as Fe. S. aureus responds to Fe limitation using the ferric uptake regulator (Fur) and the Fur protein antagonist (Fpa). During Fe-replete conditions, Fur functions as a transcriptional repressor of target genes. Upon Fe deprivation, Fur repression is relieved with the aid of Fpa, allowing for the increased expression of Fur-regulated genes such as iron uptake systems. We demonstrate that fur inactivation is required during Fe-limited growth and is independent of the described high-affinity Fe uptake systems. Using transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses, we demonstrate that fur inactivation or Fe limitation triggers a decrease in respiration and an increase in fermentation. Triggering fermentative growth allows S. aureus to cope with Fe limitation by having a metabolism less reliant on Fe but allowing for redox balance. Our work provides insight into how S. aureus adapts to iron limitation; a common stress encountered during infection.

Indexed as

Bacterial ProteinsFermentationIronRepressor ProteinsStaphylococcus aureusGene Expression Regulation, BacterialBacterial Proteinsferric uptake regulating proteins, bacterialIronRepressor ProteinsFpaFurIronStaphylococcus aureusSulfurYlaN

Identifiers

PMID41032936
PMCPMC13382986

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.