ArticleBMC psychology2025
The relationship between bullying victimization experience and post-traumatic stress symptoms in college students: the mediating role of maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies and the moderating role of hope.
Article in BMC psychology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Bullying, minority stress and revenge impulse among autistic college students: group differences by sexual and gender minority status.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- When cognitive emotion regulation is not enough: a process-oriented perspective on school bullying victimization and suicidal ideation among university students.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Longitudinal Evidence on Peer Victimisation and Persistent Mental Health Outcomes in Youth: A Systematic Review.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
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2 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveTo explore the relationship between bullying victimization and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSSs) in college students with bullying victimization experience, the mediating role of maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies and the moderating role of hope.
methodsA total of 1695 college students were tested using the Delaware Bullying Victimization Scale, the Maladaptive Strategy subscale of the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, the Hope Scale, and the PTSD Symptom Checklist.
resultsThe results found that bullying victimization had a significant positive predictive effect on PTSSs, and that maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies significantly mediated the relationship between bullying victimization and PTSSs. Hope significantly moderated the indirect effect of bullying victimization on PTSSs through maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies.
conclusionsThe findings indicate that bullying victimization experience is a risk factor for PTSSs, and that maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies mediated the relationship between bullying victimization and PTSSs. Hope serves as a protective factor, the protective role of hope proved to prevent PTSSs in college students who have been victims of bullying; however, it was also be associated with a stronger association between bullying victimization and the use of these maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies. Intervention programs that reduce reliance on maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies and cultiviate hope could assist in mitigating the impact of bullying victimization on PTSSs.
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