Trial reportObesity (Silver Spring, Md.)2026

One Year of Exercise After Weight Loss Increases Postprandial GLP-1 Secretion in Contrast to Usual Activity or GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Treatment.

Joachim Holt, Rasmus Michael Sandsdal, Sarah Byberg, Charlotte Janus, Christian Rimer Juhl, Julie Rehné Jørgensen, Bolette Hartmann, Bente Stallknecht, Jens Juul Holst, Sten Madsbad and 2 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readClinical Trial, Phase IVRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 2026. The graph read 1 number from its abstract, feeding 1 cell of the map, but it casts no vote: it is a later paper about NCT04122716, whose primary report (PMID 33951361) speaks for the trial. It reports registered trial NCT04122716. Cited by 8 papers.

1number the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

Read, but not usablea number the graph found but could not read as for or against

Late-phase GLP-1 responsediet-induced weight loss vs baselinedescribes a change within one group, not a comparison · obesityfeeds one cell of the map
Δ 3.00-4.00 to 10.0
RESULTS: Diet-induced weight loss did not change late-phase GLP-1 response (3%; 95% CI, -4%-10%).

clause the extractor read what became the number

2 · Its place on the map

Where it lands on the map

Rows are treatments, columns are outcomes. The coloured squares are the cells this paper feeds, coloured by the vote it casts there. Click one to jump to what this paper adds to it.

supports the treatmentfavours the comparatorno clear differenceread, but no usable result
3 · What it changes

What it adds to each cell

For every cell the paper feeds: the belief in the claim with and without this paper, and this paper's estimate drawn against every other readable study in the cell. The ringed dot is this paper.

Diet, exercise & lifestyle×body weight & composition

No readable resultOpen on the map →What to test next →

3 readable studies in this cell: 2 favour the treatment, 0 find no difference, 1 favour the comparator.

Belief with this paper
0.12contested · 1 family supports, 2 contradict · against placebo
Without itNot a counted family in this claim, so removing it changes nothing.
← favours the treatmentfavours the comparator →
0 · no effect
Δ -5.40-9.00 to -1.70
estimated mean change 7.034.25 to 9.80

This paper's own estimate is on a different scale from the rest of the cell, so it is not drawn here.

4 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04122716 phase4unknown status

Synergy Effect of the Appetite Hormone GLP-1 (LiragluTide) and Exercise on Maintenance of Weight Loss and Health After a Low Calorie Diet - the S-LiTE Randomized Trial

Ran2016Enrolled215Registered outcomes28Posted comparisons0ConditionsObesityArmsExercise, liraglutide
Open the trial in the graph
5 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Seeing Beyond GLP-1: A Systems View of Sustainable Obesity Care.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2026
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
6 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

7 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Joachim HoltDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1307-9680
Rasmus Michael SandsdalDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Sarah BybergDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Charlotte JanusDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Christian Rimer JuhlDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Julie Rehné JørgensenDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Bolette HartmannDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Bente StallknechtDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Jens Juul HolstDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Sten MadsbadDepartment of Endocrinology, Hvidovre University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5017-1815
Simon Birk Kjær JensenDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Signe Sørensen TorekovDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6779-0252

Funding

Cambridge Weight PlanDanish Cardiovascular Academy NNF20SA0067242HelsefondenNovo NordiskNovo Nordisk Fonden NNF15SA0018346Novo Nordisk Fonden NNF16OC0019968Novo Nordisk Fonden NNF20SA0064340Novo Nordisk Fonden NNF22SA0079901
8 · The paper itself

Abstract

The marked sentences are the ones the graph read a number from.

objectiveIncretin-based obesity medication maintains weight loss by mimicking the appetite-inhibiting hormone GLP-1. Interestingly, chronic exercise may improve postprandial appetite control by increasing late postprandial secretion of endogenous GLP-1. Therefore, we investigated whether an exercise program after weight loss could increase late-phase postprandial GLP-1 secretion.

methodsThis study is an exploratory analysis of adults with obesity (n = 195) who lost 13.1 kg on a low-calorie diet and were randomized to 52 weeks of either usual activity, moderate-to-vigorous intensity exercise, the GLP-1 receptor agonist liraglutide (3.0 mg/day), or the combination. The primary endpoint was change in late-phase GLP-1 response to a 3-h liquid mixed meal test before and after diet-induced weight loss and after 1 year of intervention.

resultsDiet-induced weight loss did not change late-phase GLP-1 response (3%; 95% CI, -4%-10%). One year of exercise increased late-phase postprandial GLP-1 response within the group by 37% (95% CI, 20%-57%), and this increase was 25% greater (95% CI, 3%-51%, p = 0.02) compared to the usual activity group. Late-phase postprandial GLP-1 response was unchanged in both groups treated with GLP-1 receptor agonist compared to placebo.

conclusionsOne year of exercise increased late-phase postprandial GLP-1 response, which may prevent increased appetite after weight loss and thereby weight regain.

trial registrationEudraCT number: 2015-005585-32; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04122716.

Indexed as

ExerciseGlucagon-Like Peptide 1Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsLiraglutideObesityWeight LossAdultFemaleGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 ReceptorHumansMaleMiddle AgedPostprandial PeriodGlucagon-Like Peptide 1Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 ReceptorGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsLiraglutideappetite regulationexerciseGLP‐1obesityweight loss

Identifiers

PMID40998556
PMCPMC12724041

What OpenQuestion holds

Texttitle and abstract
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.