ArticleScientific reports2025
Exploring the relationship between AI literacy, AI trust, AI dependency, and 21st century skills in preservice mathematics teachers.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Evaluating AI-powered instruction on Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) teaching outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC medical education · 2026Pooled it
- The impact of generative artificial intelligence tools on assessment equity for non-native English-speaking medical students: a systematic review.BMC medical education · 2026Pooled it
- Addicted, attached, or just delegating? A scoping review on "problematic artificial intelligence use".Frontiers in psychology · 2026Pooled it
- Enhancing Employee Innovation Through Dependence on AI: The Mediating Role of Cognitive Flexibility and Moderating Effect of Job Complexity.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- How AI-Generated Content Shapes User Trust: The Roles of Cognitive Processing, Perceived Risk, and Transparency Labels.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- AI in Psychotherapy: Opportunities and Risks.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Advanced utilization of motion decomposition and visualization technology in gymnastics education.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- The dark side of AI in education: AI dependency as a mediator linking academic self-efficacy and teacher support to learning burnout among university students.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- A One-Year Longitudinal Study Examining the Direct and Indirect Effects of AI Dependence on Work Engagement and Gender Differences.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Untangling pathways from digital instructional leadership to AI pedagogy: a diffusion of innovation theory perspective.BMC psychology · 2025Article
- The current status, knowledge, attitudes, and challenges of generative artificial intelligence use among undergraduate nursing students: a single-center cross-sectional survey of western China.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Generation-Artificial Intelligence (Gen-AI) is widely used in education and has been shown to improve students' mathematical abilities. However, dependency on Gen-AI may negatively impact these abilities and should be approached with caution. This study uses Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to determine the relationship between AI literacy, AI trust, AI dependency, and 21st-century skills in preservice mathematics teachers. This research utilizes a self-designed questionnaire with 469 preservice mathematics teachers as respondents. SPSS and AMOS software were used for data analysis. The findings reveal that both AI trust and AI literacy significantly influence preservice mathematics teachers' dependency on Gen-AI. Furthermore, this dependency on Gen-AI among preservice mathematics teachers has a significant negative effect on their problem-solving ability, critical thinking, creative thinking, collaboration skills, communication skills, and self-confidence. This research provides new information to governments, schools, and teachers that caution should be exercised when attempting to enhance AI literacy and trust in AI among preservice mathematics teachers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.