ArticleDiabetes care2025
Use of SGLT2i Versus DPP-4i as an Add-on Therapy and the Risk of PAD-Related Surgical Events (Amputation, Stent Placement, or Vascular Surgery): A Cohort Study in Veterans With Diabetes.
Article in Diabetes care, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Liraglutide improves peripheral perfusion and markers of angiogenesis and inflammation in people with type 2 diabetes and peripheral artery disease: An 18-month follow-up of a randomized clinical trial.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Trial
- Role of Inflammatory Biomarkers in Peripheral Arterial Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Reamputation risk and mortality after lower-limb amputation in patients with diabetes: predictors, effects of antidiabetic medications and temporal trends.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026 · on this mapObservational
- Article
- Article
- SGLT2 Inhibitors and GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in PAD: A State-of-the-Art Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Risk of severe lower extremity arterial disease in elderly Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: a propensity score-matched model analysis of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors versus metformin.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2025Article
- A review of the safety of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Review
- Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors and Lower-Extremity Amputation: Is the Guilty Verdict Valid?Diabetes care · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo compare the risk of composite peripheral artery disease (PAD) surgical outcome, including peripheral revascularization and amputation procedures, between new users of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP-4is). RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsThis retrospective cohort study of U.S. veterans age ≥18 years with diabetes who received care from the Veterans Health Administration was performed from 1 October 2000 to 31 December 2021. Data were linked to Medicare, Medicaid, and the National Death Index. New use of SGLT2i or DPP-4i medications as an add-on to metformin, sulfonylurea, or insulin treatment alone or in combination was evaluated for an association with PAD surgical procedure for peripheral revascularization and amputation. A Cox proportional hazards model for time-to-PAD event analysis compared the risk of a PAD event between SGLT2is and DPP-4is in a propensity score-weighted cohort with a competing risk of death and allowance for events to occur up to 90 days or 360 days after stopping SGLT2is.
resultsThe weighted cohort included 76,072 SGLT2i vs. 75,833 DPP-4i use episodes. The median age was 69 years, HbA1c was 8.4% (interquartile range [IQR] 7.5-9.4%), and the median diabetes duration was 10.1 (IQR 6.6-14.6) years. There were 874 and 780 PAD events among SGLT2i and DPP-4i users, respectively, for an event rate of 11.2 (95% CI 10.5-11.9) and 10.0 (9.4-10.6) per 1,000 person-years (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.18 [95% CI 1.08-1.29]). When PAD events were allowed for 360 days after SGLT2i use ended, the aHR was 1.16 (95% CI 1.06-1.26).
conclusionsSGLT2i as an add-on diabetes therapy was associated with an increased cause-specific hazard of PAD surgeries compared with DPP-4i.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.