ReviewNutrients2025
Minerals and Human Health: From Deficiency to Toxicity.
Review in Nutrients, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Safeguarding diet quality in a changing climate: a scoping review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- The Roles of Micronutrition and Nutraceuticals in Enhancing Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration: A Systematic Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Vitamin D Deficiency Meets Hill's Criteria for Causation in SARS-CoV-2 Susceptibility, Complications, and Mortality: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Comparison of Mineral and Trace Element Contents in Commercial Zero-Labeled and Regular Non-Alcoholic Beverages.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Vitamin D and Health: Establishing Causal Relationships Through Observational Evidence and Hill's Criteria in a Biological Framework.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Multielement Composition and in Vitro Bioaccessibility in Brazilian Edible Floral Supplement Capsules Containing Dandelion and Hibiscus.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Biomarkers for Gynaecological Cancers.Cancers · 2026Article
- Review
- Urinary metabolomic profiling to identify the impact of the increased intake of whole grains, vegetables, and fruits in healthy adolescents.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Article
- Chemical and Functional Characterization of a Novel European Black Soybean Variety.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Finger Millet: A Genetic Resource for Calcium and Iron Biofortification in Staple Crops.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2026Review
- Comparative Nutritional and Physicochemical Profiling of Five Quinoa (Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Comparative Analysis of Meat Quality and Flavor Among Four Categories of Mongolian Horses.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Mineral-Specific Anemia Risk Patterns among Elderly Chinese Adults: Findings from A Cross-Sectional Study.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Effects of Different Cooking Methods (Pan-Frying, Sous-Vide, Boiling, and Deep Frying) on Mineral Composition and In Vitro Bioaccessibility of Beef, Lamb, and Chicken Livers.Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
- Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Conditions for Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity in Green Mango Peel Using Response Surface Methodology.Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
- Biofortification of Sprouts and Microgreens with Trace Elements and Calcium.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Physical-Chemical and Microbiological Characterisation of Blueberry By-Products (Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Effects of High-Inorganic-Phosphorus Diet on Intestinal Mucosal Injury and Immune Alteration in Mice.Nutrients · 2026Article
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Minerals are essential nutrients that play critical roles in human health by regulating various physiological functions. Examples include bone development, enzyme function, nerve signaling, and the immune response. Both the deficiencies and toxicities of minerals can have significant health implications. Deficiencies in macrominerals such as calcium, magnesium, and phosphate can lead to osteoporosis (associated with falls and fractures), cardiovascular events, and neuromuscular dysfunction. Trace mineral deficiencies, such as iron and zinc. Selenium deficiency impairs oxygen transport, immune function, and antioxidant defenses, contributing to anemia, delaying wound healing, and increasing susceptibility to infectious diseases. Conversely, excessive intake of minerals can have severe health consequences. Hypercalcemia can cause kidney stones and cardiac arrhythmias as well as soft-tissue calcification, whereas excessive iron deposition can lead to oxidative stress and organ/tissue damage. Maintaining adequate mineral levels through a balanced diet, guided supplementation, and monitoring at-risk populations is essential for good health and preventing disorders related to deficiencies and toxicities. Public health interventions and education about dietary sources of minerals are critical for minimizing health risks and ensuring optimal well-being across populations. While a comprehensive analysis of all macro and micronutrients is beyond the scope of this article, we have chosen to focus on calcium, magnesium, and phosphate. We summarize the consequences of deficiency and the adverse events associated with the overconsumption of other minerals.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.