ArticlePakistan journal of medical sciences2024
Comparison of WhatsApp® and Face-to-Face case based learning in undergraduate dental students: A randomized controlled trial.
Article in Pakistan journal of medical sciences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Integrating rain classroom with case-based learning in teaching dental hard tissue non-carious diseases: a comparative study.BMC medical education · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of COACH2COACH and R2C2 (Relationship, Reaction, Content, Coaching) Model in Improving Peer-feedback for students' professional development.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2026Article
- Implementation of case-based learning plus flipped classroom in standardized residency training for ultrasound physicians.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: The study compares two different interfaces of CBL (WhatsApp® and Face-to-Face) in undergraduate dental students and examines WhatsApp's effectiveness as a teaching tool. Methods: A Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) was conducted from May 2023 to October 2023 at Ayub College of Dentistry, Orthodontic Department, Abbottabad, involving 30 participants randomly assigned to control (Face-to-Face) Group-1 and experimental (WhatsApp®) Group-2. The six-week study utilized pre-validated questionnaires and Multiple-Choice Questions assessments, comparing post-test scores. Assessment of the intervention involved evaluating Kirkpatrick levels one and two, with responses being rated using a five-point Likert scale. Statistical analysis employed Students' t-tests for group comparisons and paired t-tests for MCQ results before and after the intervention for each group. A p-value less than 0.05 indicated statistical significance, with SPSS version 23 used for analysis. Results: The study involved 30 participants with a mean age of 23.23±0.67 years, encompassing both males (53.3%) and females (46.7%). All survey participants (100%) used WhatsApp, highlighting its popularity. Everyone had internet access, with 73.3% using smartphones and 26.7% using laptops for mobile internet. Post-intervention, both control and experimental groups exhibited improved post-test scores (p<0.001), but the comparison between groups showed no statistically significant difference (p>0.50). Over 50% of students expressed satisfaction with WhatsApp as a teaching tool, resulting in a learning gain of 36.18%. Conclusions: The study concluded that both WhatsApp® and Face-to-Face CBL effectively improved dental students' learning, with WhatsApp® yielding results comparable to traditional methods.
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