ArticleActa diabetologica2025
Ultra-processed foods and type 2 diabetes mellitus incidence in RaNCD project: a prospective cohort study.
Article in Acta diabetologica, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Ultra-processed food intake and risk of type 2 diabetes: a pooled analysis of three prospective cohorts of Korean adults and an updated meta-analysis.European journal of epidemiology · 2025Pooled it
- Ultra-Processed Foods and Cardiometabolic Health: A Review of Current Evidence.Current nutrition reports · 2025Review
- Review
- Associations between ultra-processed foods intake and preserved ratio impaired spirometry in U.S. adults.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundFollowing rapid population growth and urbanization, global ultra-processed food consumption levels have increased. Additionally, type 2 diabetes mellitus, a non-communicable disease, is affecting one-tenth of the people worldwide. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between ultra-processed food consumption and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in different scenarios in a prospective cohort study in the western part of Iran.
methodsThe RaNCD cohort includes 10,047 participants aged 35 to 65; we included participants susceptible to diabetes at enrolment with follow-up data. We used the widely accepted Nova classification to define ultra-processed foods. A multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model was used as the main model; furthermore, the Cox model with different adjustments and the logistic regression model were used as sensitive analysis to evaluate the association between ultra-processed foods consumption and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
resultsA total of 8827 participants with a mean age of 46.92y, a mean follow-up time of 7.1y, and a mean daily ultra-processed food intake of 87.69 g were included. During the follow-up phases, we included 255 incidences of type 2 diabetes mellitus cases. After adjusting for confounders in the primary model, including age, gender, residence type, socioeconomic status, physical activity, body mass index, and familial history of diabetes despite the elevated hazard ratio of 1.08 (0.75, 1.55) in the fourth quartile compared to the first quartile, the P-value was insignificant (p-value = 0.665); p for trend in the UPF quartiles was also insignificant.
conclusionOur study has shed light on the association between ultra-processed food consumption and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, further investigations are necessary to confirm or refute the UPFs/T2DM association.
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