Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35249149›Full record

ReviewArchives of toxicology2022

The role of endogenous versus exogenous sources in the exposome of putative genotoxins and consequences for risk assessment.

Ivonne M C M Rietjens, Arand Michael, Hermann M Bolt, Bourdoux Siméon, Hartwig Andrea, Hinrichsen Nils, Kalisch Christine, Mally Angela, Pellegrino Gloria, Ribera Daniel and 2 more

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Archives of toxicology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
8.0field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
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  3. Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz · 2025
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  12. Ultra-processed foods and colorectal neoplasia: is there a link?Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2023
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 10 institutions in 6 countries.

Ivonne M C M RietjensDivision of Toxicology, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands. ivonne.rietjens@wur.nl.
Arand MichaelInstitute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
Hermann M BoltDepartment of Toxicology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at TU Dortmund (IfADo), Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany.
Bourdoux SiméonILSI Europe, Av. E. Mounier 83, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0001-6180-6460
Hartwig AndreaDepartment of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Institute of Applied Biosciences (IAB), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Adenauerring 20a, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
Hinrichsen NilsFood Oils and Fats Research, ADM Hamburg AG, Research, Seehafenstraße 24, 21079, Hamburg, Germany.
Kalisch ChristineDepartment of Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher Straße 9, 97078, Wurzburg, Germany.
Mally AngelaDepartment of Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher Straße 9, 97078, Wurzburg, Germany.
Pellegrino GloriaScientific Affairs and Research, Luigi Lavazza SpA, Strada Settimo, 410, 10156, Turin, Italy.
Ribera DanielRegulatory and Scientific Affairs EMEA, Cargill R&D, Havenstraat 84, 1800, Vivoorde, Belgium.
Thatcher NatalieFood Safety, Mondelez International, Bournville Lane, Birmingham, B30 2LU, UK.
Eisenbrand GerhardDepartment of Toxicology and Food Chemistry, University of Kaiserslautern, Kühler Grund 48/1, 69126, Heidelberg, Germany.
University of Würzburg · DECargill (Belgium) · BEGruppo CLAS (Italy) · ITInternational Life Sciences Institute Europe · BEKarlsruhe Institute of Technology · DEMondelēz International (United Kingdom) · GBTU Dortmund University · DEUniversity of Kaiserslautern · DEUniversity of Zurich · CHWageningen University & Research · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The "totality" of the human exposure is conceived to encompass life-associated endogenous and exogenous aggregate exposures. Process-related contaminants (PRCs) are not only formed in foods by heat processing, but also occur endogenously in the organism as physiological components of energy metabolism, potentially also generated by the human microbiome. To arrive at a comprehensive risk assessment, it is necessary to understand the contribution of in vivo background occurrence as compared to the ingestion from exogenous sources. Hence, this review provides an overview of the knowledge on the contribution of endogenous exposure to the overall exposure to putative genotoxic food contaminants, namely ethanol, acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, acrylamide, acrolein, α,β-unsaturated alkenals, glycation compounds, N-nitroso compounds, ethylene oxide, furans, 2- and 3-MCPD, and glycidyl esters. The evidence discussed herein allows to conclude that endogenous formation of some contaminants appears to contribute substantially to the exposome. This is of critical importance for risk assessment in the cases where endogenous exposure is suspected to outweigh the exogenous one (e.g. formaldehyde and acrolein).

Indexed as

ExposomeAcroleinFormaldehydeHumansMutagensRisk AssessmentAcroleinFormaldehydeMutagensEndogenous exposureExposomeGenotoxinsProcess-related contaminants

Identifiers

PMID35249149
PMCPMC9013691
OpenAlexW4220668090

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.