Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34753973›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

Evaluation of antimicrobial activities of plant aqueous extracts against Salmonella Typhimurium and their application to improve safety of pork meat.

Alkmini Gavriil, Evangelia Zilelidou, Angelis-Evangelos Papadopoulos, Danae Siderakou, Konstantinos M Kasiotis, Serkos A Haroutounian, Chrysavgi Gardeli, Ilias Giannenas, Panagiotis N Skandamis

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Antimicrobial potential ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Extract fromMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Antibacterial and Antimycotic Activity ofPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
    Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Alkmini GavriilLaboratory of Food Quality Control and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855, Athens, Greece.
Evangelia ZilelidouLaboratory of Food Quality Control and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855, Athens, Greece.
Angelis-Evangelos PapadopoulosLaboratory of Food Quality Control and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855, Athens, Greece.
Danae SiderakouLaboratory of Food Quality Control and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855, Athens, Greece.
Konstantinos M KasiotisLaboratory of Pesticides' Toxicology, Department of Pesticides Control and Phytopharmacy, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 8 Stefanou Delta Street, Kifissia, 14561, Athens, Greece.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6631-0667
Serkos A HaroutounianLaboratory of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Department of Animal Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera odos 75, 11855, Athens, Greece.
Chrysavgi GardeliLaboratory of Food Chemistry and Analysis, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55, Athens, Greece.
Ilias GiannenasLaboratory of Nutrition, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Panagiotis N SkandamisLaboratory of Food Quality Control and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855, Athens, Greece. pskan@aua.gr.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Nine odorless laboratory-collected hydro-distilled aqueous extracts (basil, calendula, centrifuged oregano, corn silk, laurel, oregano, rosemary, spearmint, thyme) and one industrial steam-distilled oregano hydrolate acquired as by-products of essential oils purification were screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against three Salmonella Typhimurium strains (4/74, FS8, FS115) at 4 and 37 °C. Susceptibility to the extracts was mainly plant- and temperature-dependent, though strain dependent effects were also observed. Industrial oregano hydrolate eliminated strains immediately after inoculation, exhibiting the highest antimicrobial potential. Hydro-distilled extracts eliminated/reduced Salmonella levels during incubation at 4 °C. At 37 °C, oregano, centrifuged oregano, thyme, calendula and basil were bactericidal while spearmint, rosemary and corn silk bacteriostatic. A strain-dependent effect was observed for laurel. The individual or combined effect of marinades and edible coatings prepared of industrial hydrolate and hydro-distilled oregano extracts with or without oregano essential oil (OEO) was tested in pork meat at 4 °C inoculated with FS8 strain. Lower in situ activity was observed compared to in vitro assays. Marinades and edible coatings prepared of industrial oregano hydrolate + OEO were the most efficient in inhibiting pathogen. Marination in oregano extract and subsequent coating with either 50% oregano extract + OEO or water + OEO enhanced the performance of oregano extract. In conclusion, by-products of oregano essential oil purification may be promising alternative antimicrobials to pork meat stored under refrigeration when applied in the context of multiple hurdle approach.

Indexed as

Food SafetyAnimalsAnti-Bacterial AgentsChromatography, High Pressure LiquidColony Count, MicrobialMicrobial Sensitivity TestsPlant ExtractsPork MeatSalmonella typhimuriumSpectrometry, Mass, Electrospray IonizationSwineTandem Mass SpectrometryWaterAnti-Bacterial AgentsPlant ExtractsWater

Identifiers

PMID34753973
PMCPMC8578650

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.