Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34255937›Full record

ArticleNursing open2022

When breaking the rule becomes necessary: The impact of leader-member exchange quality on nurses pro-social rule-breaking.

Muhammad Irshad, Jos Bartels, Mehwish Majeed, Sajid Bashir

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nursing open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Muhammad IrshadDepartment of Management Sciences, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Jos BartelsDepartment of Communication Studies, School of Communication, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tsai, Hong Kong, China.ORCID 0000-0003-1557-6187
Mehwish MajeedFaculty of Management Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Sajid BashirDepartment of Management Sciences, Namal Institute, Mianwali, Pakistan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimDespite the literature on nursing leadership, the research on the quality of exchange relationship between nursing leaders and nurses is in its initial stages. Also, the underlying mechanism that exists between leader-member exchange and employee outcomes warrants further inquiry. This study aimed to fill these gaps by investigating the role of leader-member exchange relationships and organizational identification in nurses' intentional violation of hospital regulations to promote their patients' welfare, also called pro-social rule-breaking. In contrast to a vast number of previous studies, we argue that pro-social rule-breaking can be positive for organizations. Therefore, nurses should be given margin and autonomy to break hospital rules when needed by establishing a high-quality exchange relationship with the supervisor.

designA quantitative study was conducted on nurses working in hospitals in Pakistan by utilizing a non-probability convenience sampling technique.

methodData from nurses and their colleagues (n = 224) were collected at three-time points between June 2019 and August 2019 through questionnaires.

resultsThe results proved that nurses' possessing a high-quality exchange relationship with their supervisor feels a higher level of identification with their organization. In turn, they are more likely to engage in pro-social rule-breaking as a form of constructive deviance.

Indexed as

Nursing Staff, HospitalAttitude of Health PersonnelHumansLeadershipPakistanSurveys and Questionnairesleader-member exchangenursesorganizational identificationpro-social rule-breaking

Identifiers

PMID34255937
PMCPMC9374417

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.