Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33693813›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of nutrition2021

Early-Life Factors Are Associated with Vitamin D Status in Early and Mid-Childhood and May Differ between White and Black Children.

Karen M Switkowski, Carlos A Camargo, Sheryl L Rifas-Shiman, Hannah Fuller, Emily Oken

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of nutrition, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02820402 (Project Viva), which is not on this map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02820402 active not recruitingnot on this map

Project Viva: a Longitudinal Study of Health for the Next Generation

TypeobservationalSponsorHarvard Pilgrim Health CareRan1999 to 2027Enrolled2,128ConditionsPediatric Obesity
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Karen M SwitkowskiDivision of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8212-4354
Carlos A CamargoDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Sheryl L Rifas-ShimanDivision of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
Hannah FullerDivision of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
Emily OkenDivision of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2513-3339

Funding

Prenatal environmental determinants of health in young adulthood: a lifecourse approachR01HD034568 · NICHD · HARVARD PILGRIM HEALTH CARE, INC. · PI Marie-France Hivert, Emily Oken · 1998 to 2026
$20.6M
Common and distinct early environmental influences on cardiometabolic and respiratory health: Mechanisms and methodsUH3OD023286 · OD · HARVARD PILGRIM HEALTH CARE, INC. · PI OKEN, EMILY · 2018 to 2022
$11.7M
NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD034568NIH HHS UH3 OD023286
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSuboptimal vitamin D (VitD) status has been associated with poor bone health and other adverse health outcomes and is common among children. Various early-life factors are associated with child VitD, yet few studies have examined multiple factors simultaneously in a single study population.

objectivesWe aimed to characterize relations of early-life factors with plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations in early and mid-childhood, and to explore potential differences in these associations between white and black children.

methodsWe identified associations of various early-life factors with 25(OH)D concentrations in early and mid-childhood among 961 children in Project Viva using linear regression models. All variables associated with 25(OH)D were included together in final multivariable models at each outcome time point: 1 in the overall sample and additional models for children whose mothers identified them as being white or black.

resultsOverall mean ± SD 25(OH)D concentrations were 86 ± 29 nmol/L in early childhood and 68 ± 21 nmol/L in mid-childhood. After accounting for other predictors, children who took VitD supplements (compared with those who did not) had 25(OH)D concentrations 5.6 nmol/L (95% CI: 2.0, 9.2 nmol/L) higher in early childhood and 8.2 nmol/L (95% CI: 4.8, 11.6 nmol/L) higher in mid-childhood. Other factors consistently associated with higher 25(OH)D were blood collection in summer or fall, white race, nonfall birth season, prenatal exposure to higher 25(OH)D, and higher dietary intake of VitD. Greater waist circumference was associated with lower 25(OH)D in early childhood (β: -3.8; 95% CI: -7.4, -0.2 per 1-SD increase) among black children only.

conclusionsOur findings may help clinicians better target children at risk of lower 25(OH)D for screening and/or intervention and may inform research focused on associations of 25(OH)D with different exposures and outcomes or causal effects of early-life factors on later VitD status.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02820402.

Indexed as

Black or African AmericanDietDietary SupplementsWhite PeopleChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansMaleMultivariate AnalysisPregnancyPrenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsSeasonsVitamin DVitamin D Deficiency25-hydroxyvitamin DVitamin D25(OH)Dearly-life factorspediatric cohortpredictors of vitamin D statusProject Viva

Identifiers

PMID33693813
PMCPMC8243768

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.