Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33444348›Full record

ArticlePloS one2021

Evaluation of a 'serious game' on nursing student knowledge and uptake of influenza vaccination.

Gary Mitchell, Laurence Leonard, Gillian Carter, Olinda Santin, Christine Brown Wilson

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
36citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
6.6field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

36 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.

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  15. [Digital innovations in vaccination communication].Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Gary MitchellSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0003-2133-2998
Laurence LeonardSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom.
Gillian CarterSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom.
Olinda SantinSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom.
Christine Brown WilsonSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom.
Queen's University Belfast · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundInfluenza is a serious global healthcare issue that is associated with between 290,000 to 650,000 deaths annually. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of a 'serious game' about influenza, on nursing student attitude, knowledge and uptake of the influenza vaccination.

methods1306 undergraduate nursing students were invited, via email, to play an online game about influenza between September 2018 and March 2019. 430 nursing students accessed the game and completed an 8-item questionnaire measuring their attitudes to influenza between September 2018 and March 2019. In April 2019, 356 nursing students from this sample completed a follow-up 2-item questionnaire about their uptake of the influenza vaccination. A larger separate 40-item knowledge questionnaire was completed by a year one cohort of 124 nursing students in August 2018 prior to receiving access to the game and then after access to the game had ended, in April 2019. This sample was selected to determine the extent to which the game improved knowledge about influenza amongst a homogenous group.

resultsIn the year preceding this study, 36.7% of the sample received an influenza vaccination. This increased to 47.8% after accessing to the game. Nursing students reported perceived improvements in their knowledge, intention to get the vaccination and intention to recommend the vaccination to their patients after playing the game. Nursing students who completed the 40-item pre- and post-knowledge questionnaire scored an average of 68.6% before receiving access to the game and 85.2% after. Using Paired T-Tests statistical analysis, it was determined that this 16.6% increase was highly statistically significant (P < 0.001).

conclusionsThe research highlights that the influenza game can improve knowledge and intention to become vaccinated. This study suggests that improvement in influenza knowledge is likely to encourage more nursing students to receive the influenza vaccination.

Indexed as

Health Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeStudents, NursingAttitude of Health PersonnelEducation, DistanceHumansInfluenza, HumanInfluenza VaccinesIntentionSurveys and QuestionnairesVaccinationVideo GamesInfluenza Vaccines

Identifiers

PMID33444348
PMCPMC7808644
OpenAlexW3120963484

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.