Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33208091›Full record

Trial reportBMC geriatrics2020

Is preoperative anxiety associated with postoperative delirium in older persons undergoing cardiac surgery? Secondary data analysis of a randomized controlled trial.

Koen Milisen, Bastiaan Van Grootven, Wim Hermans, Karen Mouton, Layth Al Tmimi, Steffen Rex, Elke Detroyer

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMC geriatrics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06945926 (The Effect of Oxytocin Nasal Spray on Preventing Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Patients Undergoing Orthopedic Surgery：Two-Stage Designs for Phase II Clinical Trials), which is not on this map. Cited by 22 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
2.5field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06945926 phase2completednot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

The Effect of Oxytocin Nasal Spray on Preventing Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Patients Undergoing Orthopedic Surgery：Two-Stage Designs for Phase II Clinical Trials

TypeinterventionalSponsorZhejiang UniversityRan2025 to 2026Enrolled227ConditionsCervical Spinal Stenosis, Thoracic Spinal Stenosis, Lumbar Spinal Stenosis, Rotator Cuff InjuryArmsoxytocin nasal spray
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Pooled it
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  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
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  9. Anxiety and self-efficacy in Chinese lung cancer patients: cross-lagged effects and the mediation of resilience.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025
    Observational
  10. Article
  11. The Role of Stress Hyperglycemia on Delirium Onset.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025
    Review
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  13. Article
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  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Koen MilisenDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, Academic Centre for Nursing and Midwifery, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35/4, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium. koen.milisen@kuleuven.be.
Bastiaan Van GrootvenDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, Academic Centre for Nursing and Midwifery, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35/4, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
Wim HermansDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, Academic Centre for Nursing and Midwifery, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35/4, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
Karen MoutonDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, Academic Centre for Nursing and Midwifery, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35/4, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
Layth Al TmimiDepartment of Anesthesiology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, University Hospitals of Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
Steffen RexDepartment of Anesthesiology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, University Hospitals of Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
Elke DetroyerDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, Academic Centre for Nursing and Midwifery, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35/4, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
KU Leuven · BE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAlthough many studies have reported numerous risk factors for postoperative delirium, data are scarce about preoperative anxiety as a risk factor. The study aimed to investigate the association between preoperative anxiety and postoperative delirium in older patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

methodsSecondary data analysis of a randomized, observer-blind, controlled trial. A total of 190 patients 65 years or older and admitted to the intensive care unit and cardiac surgery unit of a university hospital scheduled for elective on-pump cardiac surgery were included. State anxiety was measured preoperatively using the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale and the Visual Analogue Scale for anxiety. Incidence of delirium was measured during the first 5 postoperative days using the Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit (when ventilated), or the 3 Minute Diagnostic Interview for Confusion Assessment Method (when extubated) and by daily chart review.

resultsPreoperative state anxiety was reported by 31% of the patients and 41% had postoperative delirium. A multiple step logistic regression analyses revealed no association between preoperative anxiety and postoperative delirium. Significant risk factors for postoperative delirium were age (OR = 1.10, 95% CI (1.03-1.18)), activities of daily living (0.69, 95% CI (0.50-0.96)), diabetes mellitus (OR = 3.15, 95% CI (1.42-7.00)) and time on cardiopulmonary bypass (OR = 1.01, 95% CI (1.00 to 1.02)).

conclusionsNo relationship could be found between preoperative anxiety and postoperative delirium.

Indexed as

Cardiac Surgical ProceduresDeliriumActivities of Daily LivingAgedAged, 80 and overAnxietyData AnalysisHumansPostoperative ComplicationsRisk FactorsAgedAnxietyCardiac surgeryDeliriumRisk factors

Identifiers

PMID33208091
PMCPMC7672929
OpenAlexW3103809809

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.