ReviewJournal of neuroendocrinology2019
It takes two! Exploring sex differences in parenting neurobiology and behaviour.
Review in Journal of neuroendocrinology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Do Parental Hormone Levels Synchronize During the Prenatal and Postpartum Periods? A Systematic Review.Clinical child and family psychology review · 2024Pooled it
- The Role of Paternal Involvement on Behavioral Sensitive Responses and Neurobiological Activations in Fathers: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2022Pooled it
- Parental brain responses to own and unknown children's emotional facial expressions: An fMRI study.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2026Article
- Adult Romantic Attachment and Parental Reflective Functioning in Parents of Pre-School Children: An Association Study With a Sex-Sensitive Approach.Actas espanolas de psiquiatria · 2026Article
- Understanding parental bonding in the first two years after birth: exploring family predictors using growth mixture modeling.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- Game changer: How middle childhood sport predicts reduced oppositional-defiant behavior by early adolescence.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Psychiatric Disorders Among Fathers in Sweden Before, During, and After Partner Pregnancy.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Parenting Young Children: The Interplay Between Mothers' and Fathers' Daily Behaviors and Well-Being.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Psychometric properties of JPSS (Japanese parenting style scale) between mother and father in West Java, Indonesia.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Tracing the Cognitive-Motor Connection: Prospective-Longitudinal Associations Between Early Parent-Toddler Literacy Activities and Subsequent Gross Motor Skills at School Entry.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Associations of the AVPR1A RS1 Microsatellite Locus with the Level of Hormones of the Anterior Pituitary Gland and Personality Traits.Biochemical genetics · 2025Article
- From Storytime to Success: Prospective Longitudinal Associations Between Toddler Literacy Enrichment and Long-Term Student Engagement in a Millennial Birth Cohort of Boys and Girls.Journal of Intelligence · 2025Article
- The Parental Blueprint: Early Childhood Lifestyle Habits and Family Factors Predict Opting for Middle Childhood Sport Involvement.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Effects of Emotional Violence Experienced by Fathers From Their Partners in the Postpartum Period on Depression Level and Father-Infant Attachment.Developmental psychobiology · 2025Article
- Parental Evaluation of a Responsive Parenting Program for Infants with Hearing Loss.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Skin-to-Skin Care and Spontaneous Touch by Fathers in Full-Term Infants: A Systematic Review.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- First-time fathers show longitudinal gray matter cortical volume reductions: evidence from two international samples.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2023Article
- The Current Concept of Paternal Bonding: A Systematic Scoping Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Autonomic cardiac profile in male and female healthcare professionals with and without preschoolers: differences evidenced by heart rate variability analysis.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Early life adversity and males: Biology, behavior, and implications for fathers' parenting.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Parents lay the foundation for their children's socio-emotional experiences by sensitively responding to their needs. The hormonal and neurobiological changes that occur during the transition to parenthood importantly contribute to the parents' caregiving behaviour toward their children. Much research has emphasised the relationship between the mother, who is most often the primary caregiver, and her infant, with less focus on the role of fathers in child development. However, recent accounts have suggested that fathers also play an important role in promoting the health, development and psychosocial wellbeing of their children. Evidence from the behavioural literature has indicated that there are significant differences between typical mother-infant versus father-infant interactions. The current review aims to outline differences between maternal and paternal caregiving by discussing the differences in their biological mechanisms. First, we focus on the different hormones that are correlated with sensitive parenting behaviours in mothers and fathers. Next, we discuss the differences between neural bases of motherhood and fatherhood. Lastly, we discuss ways in which parental hormones, parental brain and parental exposure to infant cues interact to shape parental caregiving behaviour. In summary, this review highlights the distinct but complementary nature of maternal and paternal caregiving.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.