ArticleThe New England journal of medicine2017
Health Effects of Overweight and Obesity in 195 Countries over 25 Years.
Article in The New England journal of medicine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 14 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 3,642 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Young Adults With Early-onset Obesity Treated With Semaglutide -The RESETTLE Study
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Sugammadex in Reversal of Vecuronium-induced Neuromuscular Blockade in Anesthesia Obese Patients Undergoing Bariatric Surgery
The Acute Response of Glucocorticoids Upon Food Intake
Counteracting Deleterious Metabolic Glucocorticoid Effects With Metformin - A Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled, Cross-over Study
The Effect of Dietary Fructose on Gut Microbiota and Hepatosteatosis in Healthy Men
Time Restricted Eating as a Treatment for Pediatric Obesity
The Role of Circadian Rhythm in the Effect of Sleep Intervention on Obesity Prevention in Early Childhood
A Prospective Study to Evaluate the Feasibility and Safety of Magnetically Controlled Capsule Endoscope System in Stomach Examination of Moderately and Severely Obese Patients
Effect of Sarcopenic Obesity on Weight Loss Outcomes and Quality of Life After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy
An Exploratory Study of Perioperative Venous Access in Obese Patients
Effect of Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty on Patients With Obesity and Concomitant Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis (MASH): A Multicenter, Open-label, Randomized Controlled Trial
Promoting Positive Mental Health for Sustainable Eating Behaviors: the PROMISE Study in Patients With Obesity
Targeting Metabolic Syndrome From the Emergency Department Through Mixed-Methods: Pilot Trial
A Comparative Study to Evaluate Efficacy of Oversewing Versus Surgical Ligation Clips for Staple Line Reinforcement of the Gastric Pouch to Reduce Post Operative Bleeding in Laparoscopic One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass
Who cites it
3,642 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effects of Weight-Loss Interventions on Kidney, Cardiometabolic and Anthropometric Outcomes in Adults With CKD and Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Pooled it
- Effects and Dose-Response Relationship of High-Intensity Interval Training on Cardiometabolic Risk in Individuals With Overweight and Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of smartphone applications targeting eating behaviour for weight loss.Scientific reports · 2026Pooled it
- The association between body mass index and osteoporosis, with consideration of sex differences: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Pooled it
- Meta-Analysis of RNA-Seq Data Identifies Differentially Expressed Genes in Skeletal Muscle Between Obese and Normal Weight Individuals.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Neighborhood Environments and Changes in Obesity and in Lifestyle Behaviors Among Children Enrolled in Obesity Management Interventions: A Systematic Review.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Gut microbial diversity at baseline conditions the clinical, microbiome, and metabolic response to paraprobioticGut microbes · 2026Trial
- Efficacy of CagriSema for Reaching Anthropometric Treatment Targets and Cardiometabolic Outcomes: A Secondary, Post hoc Analysis of REDEFINE 1.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Trial
- Apitegromab for lean mass preservation during tirzepatide-induced weight loss: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial.Nature medicine · 2026Trial
- Improved assessment of coronary artery disease in obese patients with flurpiridaz-Journal of nuclear cardiology : official publication of the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology · 2026Trial
- Changes in Resting Energy Expenditure in Response to Different Dietary Patterns: A Randomized Clinical Trial Exploratory Sub-Analysis.Nutrients · 2026Trial
- HRS-7535, an oral small-molecule GLP-1 receptor agonist, in Chinese adults with obesity without diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- Mediators and moderators of successful population-level weight management in primary care: results from the PATHWEIGH cluster-randomized pragmatic trial.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026Trial
- Intraoperative PEEP Strategy and Postoperative Pulmonary Complications in Obese Patients: A Randomized Trial with Exploratory Analysis of Smoking Status.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Trial
- Trial
- The Role of High-Protein Instant Ramen Noodles in Inducing and Maintaining Satiety: Acute, Randomized, Crossover Study.Nutrition & diabetes · 2026Trial
- Addition of Phentermine-Topiramate to a Digitally Enhanced Lifestyle Intervention: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2026Trial
- Bone Health After Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery: Osteometabolism Biomarkers, Bone Mineral Density, and Microarchitecture.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2026Trial
- High intensity functional training versus traditional resistance training effects on inflammatory, metabolic, and physical outcomes in overweight men a randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
3,582 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
154 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAlthough the rising pandemic of obesity has received major attention in many countries, the effects of this attention on trends and the disease burden of obesity remain uncertain.
methodsWe analyzed data from 68.5 million persons to assess the trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adults between 1980 and 2015. Using the Global Burden of Disease study data and methods, we also quantified the burden of disease related to high body-mass index (BMI), according to age, sex, cause, and BMI in 195 countries between 1990 and 2015.
resultsIn 2015, a total of 107.7 million children and 603.7 million adults were obese. Since 1980, the prevalence of obesity has doubled in more than 70 countries and has continuously increased in most other countries. Although the prevalence of obesity among children has been lower than that among adults, the rate of increase in childhood obesity in many countries has been greater than the rate of increase in adult obesity. High BMI accounted for 4.0 million deaths globally, nearly 40% of which occurred in persons who were not obese. More than two thirds of deaths related to high BMI were due to cardiovascular disease. The disease burden related to high BMI has increased since 1990; however, the rate of this increase has been attenuated owing to decreases in underlying rates of death from cardiovascular disease.
conclusionsThe rapid increase in the prevalence and disease burden of elevated BMI highlights the need for continued focus on surveillance of BMI and identification, implementation, and evaluation of evidence-based interventions to address this problem. (Funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.