ArticleNutrients2017
Mechanisms of Iron Uptake from Ferric Phosphate Nanoparticles in Human Intestinal Caco-2 Cells.
Article in Nutrients, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Preclinical perspectives on common iron fortificants and their bioavailability in rat models: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Nanotechnology for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia: an in vivo review.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2026Review
- Assessment of the Occurrence of Concentrations of Selected Chemical Elements in Three Types of Cheese from the Retail Chains and Health Risk of Benefits Assessment of Its Consumption.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Bioavailability of Ferric Pyrophosphate and Ferric Orthophosphate with/without Extrusion and/or Citric Acid and/or Trisodium Citrate in Rats and In Vitro INFOGEST Digestion and Caco-2 Cell Model.Current developments in nutrition · 2026Article
- Bioaccessibility and bioavailability assessment of microalgae-derived minerals for human nutrition.Current research in food science · 2026Article
- Nanoparticle Uptake and Crossing by Human In Vitro Models of Intestinal Barriers: A Scoping Review.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Uptake of iron from ferrous fumarate can be mediated by clathrin-dependent endocytosis in Hutu-80 cells.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2025Article
- Iron nanoparticles as food additives and food supplements, regulatory and legislative perspectives.Food science and biotechnology · 2024Review
- Application of Iron Nanoparticle-Based Materials in the Food Industry.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Biocompatible FePONanoscale research letters · 2021Article
- Iron, Copper, and Zinc Homeostasis: Physiology, Physiopathology, and Nanomediated Applications.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Lemon Juice, Sesame Paste, and Autoclaving Influence Iron Bioavailability of Hummus: Assessment by an In Vitro Digestion/Caco-2 Cell Model.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Reminiscences of my life as a nutritionist-and looking to the future.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2020Review
- Iron bioavailability of four iron sources used to fortify infant cereals, using anemic weaning pigs as a model.European journal of nutrition · 2019Article
- Iron Transport from Ferrous Bisglycinate and Ferrous Sulfate in DMT1-Knockout Human Intestinal Caco-2 Cells.Nutrients · 2019Article
- Dietary Factors Modulate Iron Uptake in Caco-2 Cells from an Iron Ingot Used as a Home Fortificant to Prevent Iron Deficiency.Nutrients · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Food fortification programs to reduce iron deficiency anemia require bioavailable forms of iron that do not cause adverse organoleptic effects. Rodent studies show that nano-sized ferric phosphate (NP-FePO4) is as bioavailable as ferrous sulfate, but there is controversy over the mechanism of absorption. We undertook in vitro studies to examine this using a Caco-2 cell model and simulated gastrointestinal (GI) digestion. Supernatant iron concentrations increased inversely with pH, and iron uptake into Caco-2 cells was 2-3 fold higher when NP-FePO4 was digested at pH 1 compared to pH 2. The size and distribution of NP-FePO4 particles during GI digestion was examined using transmission electron microscopy. The d50 of the particle distribution was 413 nm. Using disc centrifugal sedimentation, a high degree of agglomeration in NP-FePO4 following simulated GI digestion was observed, with only 20% of the particles ≤1000 nm. In Caco-2 cells, divalent metal transporter-1 (DMT1) and endocytosis inhibitors demonstrated that NP-FePO4 was mainly absorbed via DMT1. Small particles may be absorbed by clathrin-mediated endocytosis and micropinocytosis. These findings should be considered when assessing the potential of iron nanoparticles for food fortification.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.