Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27506222›Full record

Trial reportDiabetes care2016

Efficacy and Safety of Liraglutide Added to Insulin Treatment in Type 1 Diabetes: The ADJUNCT ONE Treat-To-Target Randomized Trial.

Chantal Mathieu, Bernard Zinman, Joanna Uddén Hemmingsson, Vincent Woo, Peter Colman, Erik Christiansen, Martin Linder, Bruce Bode, ADJUNCT ONE Investigators

3 registry-linked trialsAbstract readClinical Trial, Phase IIIMulticenter StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Diabetes care, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It reports registered trial NCT01836523. Cited by 159 papers, 12 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
159citing papers in PubMed, 12 pooled it
19.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01836523 phase3completed

The Efficacy and Safety of Liraglutide as Adjunct Therapy to Insulin in the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes. A 52-week Randomised, Treat-to-target, Placebo-controlled, Double Blinded, Parallel Group, Multinational, Multi-centre Trial

Ran2013Enrolled1,398Registered outcomes4Posted comparisons12ConditionsDiabetes, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1Armsliraglutide, Placebo
Open the trial in the graph
NCT05478707 phase2recruitingstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

Therapeutic Strategies for Microvascular Dysfunction in Type 1 Diabetes

Ran2023Enrolled47Registered outcomes5Posted comparisons0ConditionsDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Endothelial DysfunctionArmsDulaglutide, Placebo
PMID 29310645PMID 24742660PMID 22732108PMID 27295427PMID 27436611PMID 27633186PMID 23564922PMID 23052062PMID 22511259PMID 22362823PMID 22167126PMID 21610226other papers from this trial
Open the trial in the graph
NCT06894784 phase3recruitingstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Semaglutide And Empagliflozin Combination Therapy Added To Automated Insulin Delivery In Adults With Type 1 Diabetes (SEMPA)

Ran2025Enrolled36Registered outcomes13Posted comparisons0ConditionsDiabetes Type 1ArmsIntervention Period 1: Semaglutide + Empagliflozin, Intervention Period 2: Semaglutide + Empagliflozin Placebo, Intervention Period 3: Semaglutide Placebo + Empagliflozin, Intervention Period 4: Semaglutide Placebo + Empagliflozin Placebo
PMID 20616619PMID 36942888PMID 31539622PMID 29246950PMID 27295427PMID 28854085PMID 25388240PMID 24947583PMID 27633186PMID 30833170PMID 29397376PMID 36331522other papers from this trial
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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

159 citing papers in PubMed, 12 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 310 citations in OpenAlex.

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99 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 7 institutions in 6 countries.

Chantal MathieuGasthuisberg Hospital, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium chantal.mathieu@med.kuleuven.be.
Bernard ZinmanMount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Joanna Uddén HemmingssonCapio St. Görans Hospital and the Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Vincent WooHealth Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Peter ColmanRoyal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Erik ChristiansenNovo Nordisk A/S, Bagsværd, Denmark.
Martin LinderNovo Nordisk A/S, Bagsværd, Denmark.
Bruce BodeAtlanta Diabetes Associates, Atlanta, GA.
ADJUNCT ONE Investigators
Novo Nordisk (Denmark) · DKAtlanta Diabetes Associates · USHealth Sciences Centre · CASaint Göran Hospital · SEThe Royal Melbourne Hospital · AUUniversitair Ziekenhuis Leuven · BEUniversity of Toronto · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo investigate whether liraglutide added to treat-to-target insulin improves glycemic control and reduces insulin requirements and body weight in subjects with type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsA 52-week, double-blind, treat-to-target trial involving 1,398 adults randomized 3:1 to receive once-daily subcutaneous injections of liraglutide (1.8, 1.2, or 0.6 mg) or placebo added to insulin.

resultsHbA1c level was reduced 0.34-0.54% (3.7-5.9 mmol/mol) from a mean baseline of 8.2% (66 mmol/mol), and significantly more for liraglutide 1.8 and 1.2 mg compared with placebo (estimated treatment differences [ETDs]: 1.8 mg liraglutide -0.20% [95% CI -0.32; -0.07]; 1.2 mg liraglutide -0.15% [95% CI -0.27; -0.03]; 0.6 mg liraglutide -0.09% [95% CI -0.21; 0.03]). Insulin doses were reduced by the addition of liraglutide 1.8 and 1.2 mg versus placebo (estimated treatment ratios: 1.8 mg liraglutide 0.92 [95% CI 0.88; 0.96]; 1.2 mg liraglutide 0.95 [95% CI 0.91; 0.99]; 0.6 mg liraglutide 1.00 [95% CI 0.96; 1.04]). Mean body weight was significantly reduced in all liraglutide groups compared with placebo ETDs (1.8 mg liraglutide -4.9 kg [95% CI -5.7; -4.2]; 1.2 mg liraglutide -3.6 kg [95% CI -4.3; -2.8]; 0.6 mg liraglutide -2.2 kg [95% CI -2.9; -1.5]). The rate of symptomatic hypoglycemia increased in all liraglutide groups (estimated rate ratios: 1.8 mg liraglutide 1.31 [95% CI 1.07; 1.59]; 1.2 mg liraglutide 1.27 [95% CI 1.03; 1.55]; 0.6 mg liraglutide 1.17 [95% CI 0.97; 1.43]), and hyperglycemia with ketosis increased significantly for liraglutide 1.8 mg only (event rate ratio 2.22 [95% CI 1.13; 4.34]).

conclusionsLiraglutide added to insulin therapy reduced HbA1c levels, total insulin dose, and body weight in a population that was generally representative of subjects with type 1 diabetes, accompanied by increased rates of symptomatic hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia with ketosis, thereby limiting clinical use in this group.

Indexed as

AdultDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Double-Blind MethodDrug Therapy, CombinationFemaleGlycated HemoglobinHumansHypoglycemic AgentsInjections, SubcutaneousInsulinLiraglutideMaleMiddle AgedTreatment OutcomeGlycated HemoglobinHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinLiraglutide

Identifiers

PMID27506222
OpenAlexW2514658869

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.