Trial reportThe Journal of nutrition2016
Sun-Exposed Skin Color Is Associated with Changes in Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D in Racially/Ethnically Diverse Children.
Trial report in The Journal of nutrition, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Micronutrients, Vitamin D, and Inflammatory Biomarkers in COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Causal Inference Studies.Nutrition reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Vitamin D supplementation and cardiometabolic risk factors among diverse schoolchildren: a randomized clinical trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2022Trial
- Impact of Three Doses of Vitamin D3 on Serum 25(OH)D Deficiency and Insufficiency in At-Risk Schoolchildren.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2017Trial
- Examination of the biological effects of sunlight on the skin: a review.Journal of lasers in medical sciences · 2025Review
- A review of vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D receptor polymorphisms in endocrine-related disorders.Clinical and experimental pediatrics · 2025Article
- Cross-ancestry analyses identify new genetic loci associated with 25-hydroxyvitamin D.PLoS genetics · 2023Article
- Association of Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms with Cardiometabolic Phenotypes in Hispanics: A Life Course Approach.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Towards a Future of Personalized Vaccinology: Study on Individual Variables Influencing the Antibody Response to the COVID-19 Vaccine.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Perspective: School Meal Programs Require Higher Vitamin D Fortification Levels in Milk Products and Plant-Based Alternatives-Evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES 2001-2018).Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022Article
- The correlation between serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D levels and anti-SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD IgG and neutralizing antibody levels among cancer patients receiving COVID-19 vaccines.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- A Novel Biosensor and Algorithm to Predict Vitamin D Status by Measuring Skin Impedance.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Vitamin D insufficiency and its contributing factors in primary school-aged children in Indonesia, a sun-rich country.Annals of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism · 2021Article
- Vitamin D Deficiency and the Risk of Cerebrovascular Disease.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Pigment genes not skin pigmentation affect UVB-induced vitamin D.Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2019Article
- Vitamin D Status and Its Associated Risk Factors among Adults in the Southwest Region of Cameroon.Journal of nutrition and metabolism · 2018Article
- Determinants of vitamin D status in young adults: influence of lifestyle, sociodemographic and anthropometric factors.BMC public health · 2016Article
- A Review on Sun Exposure and Skin Diseases.Indian journal of dermatologyReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundUVB light from the sun increases serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration, but this relation may depend on skin pigmentation among different racial/ethnic groups.
objectiveWe used quantitative measures of exposed (facultative) and unexposed (constitutive) skin color to examine relations between serum 25(OH)D concentration, tanning, race/ethnicity, and constitutive skin color over the summer, following winter vitamin D supplementation.
methodsThe subjects (n= 426, mean age 11.7 ± 1.4 y, 51% female) were racially/ethnically diverse schoolchildren (57% non-white/Caucasian) enrolled in a 6-mo vitamin D supplementation trial (October-December to April-June). In this secondary analysis, measures of serum 25(OH)D concentration and skin color, with the use of reflectance colorimetry, were taken over a 6-mo period after supplementation, from pre-summer (April-June) to post-summer (September-December). Multiple linear regression was used to evaluate longitudinal relations.
resultsFollowing supplementation, mean serum 25(OH)D concentration was 29.3 ± 9.5 ng/mL but fell to 25.6 ± 7.9 ng/mL (P< 0.0001) by the end of summer. The decrease in white/Caucasian children was less than in black/African American children (P< 0.01) and tended to be less than in Hispanic/Latino, Asian, and multiracial/other children (P= 0.19-0.50) despite similar changes in sun-exposed skin color among all groups. Tanning was significantly associated with post-summer serum 25(OH)D concentration (β = -0.15,P< 0.0001), as was race/ethnicity (P= 0.0002), but the later association disappeared after adjusting for constitutive skin color.
conclusionsTanning significantly contributed to serum 25(OH)D concentration over the summer, independent of race/ethnicity, but was not sufficient to maintain serum 25(OH)D concentration attained with supplementation. Much of the variation in serum 25(OH)D concentration between racial/ethnic groups may be explained by skin color. This trial was registered atclinicaltrials.govasNCT01537809.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.