Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26813890›Full record

Trial reportJournal of the American Heart Association2016

Dietary α-Linolenic Acid, Marine ω-3 Fatty Acids, and Mortality in a Population With High Fish Consumption: Findings From the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) Study.

Aleix Sala-Vila, Marta Guasch-Ferré, Frank B Hu, Ana Sánchez-Tainta, Mònica Bulló, Mercè Serra-Mir, Carmen López-Sabater, Jose V Sorlí, Fernando Arós, Miquel Fiol and 11 more

Erratum issuedOpen access · goldAbstract readMulticenter StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 35 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
11.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 82 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  14. Alpha-Linolenic Acid and Cardiovascular Events: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors at 12 institutions in 2 countries.

Aleix Sala-VilaCiber Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain (A.S.V.) Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain (A.S.V., M.S.M., E.R.).
Marta Guasch-FerréHuman Nutrition Unit, Biochemistry Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, and Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan de Reus, IISPV, Reus, Spain (M.G.F., B., J.S.S.).
Frank B HuDepartments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (F.B.H.).
Ana Sánchez-TaintaDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (A.T., M.A.M.G.).
Mònica BullóHuman Nutrition Unit, Biochemistry Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, and Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan de Reus, IISPV, Reus, Spain (M.G.F., B., J.S.S.).
Mercè Serra-MirLipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain (A.S.V., M.S.M., E.R.).
Carmen López-SabaterDepartment of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Pharmacy, XaRTA, INSA, University of Barcelona, Spain (C.S.).
Jose V SorlíDepartment of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain (J.V.S., D.C.).
Fernando ArósDepartment of Cardiology, University Hospital of Alava, Vitoria, Spain (F.A.).
Miquel FiolInstitute of Health Sciences, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Palma, Palma de Mallorca, Spain (M.F.).
Miguel A MuñozCardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Barcelona, Spain (M.A.M., M.F.).
Luis Serra-MajemResearch Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain (L.S.M.).
J Alfredo MartínezDepartment of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Physiology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (A.M.).
Dolores CorellaDepartment of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain (J.V.S., D.C.).
Montserrat FitóCardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Barcelona, Spain (M.A.M., M.F.).
Jordi Salas-SalvadóHuman Nutrition Unit, Biochemistry Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, and Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan de Reus, IISPV, Reus, Spain (M.G.F., B., J.S.S.).
Miguel A Martínez-GonzálezDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (A.T., M.A.M.G.).
Ramón EstruchDepartment of Internal Medicine, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain (R.E.).
Emilio RosLipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain (A.S.V., M.S.M., E.R.).
PREDIMED Investigators
B
Institut de Recerca Biomèdica Catalunya Sud · ESUniversidad de Navarra · ESUniversitat de Barcelona · ESBarcelona Biomedical Research Park · ESUniversitat de València · ESInstituto de Salud Carlos III · ESHealth Research Institute of the Balearic Islands · ESHospital Clínic de Barcelona · ESUniversidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria · ESConsorci Institut D'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer · ESHarvard University · USHospital Universitario Araba · ES

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEpidemiological evidence suggests a cardioprotective role of α-linolenic acid (ALA), a plant-derived ω-3 fatty acid. It is unclear whether ALA is beneficial in a background of high marine ω-3 fatty acids (long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids) intake. In persons at high cardiovascular risk from Spain, a country in which fish consumption is customarily high, we investigated whether meeting the International Society for the Study of Fatty Acids and Lipids recommendation for dietary ALA (0.7% of total energy) at baseline was related to all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality. We also examined the effect of meeting the society's recommendation for long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (≥500 mg/day). METHODS AND

resultsWe longitudinally evaluated 7202 participants in the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) trial. Multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models were fitted to estimate hazard ratios. ALA intake correlated to walnut consumption (r=0.94). During a 5.9-y follow-up, 431 deaths occurred (104 cardiovascular disease, 55 coronary heart disease, 32 sudden cardiac death, 25 stroke). The hazard ratios for meeting ALA recommendation (n=1615, 22.4%) were 0.72 (95% CI 0.56-0.92) for all-cause mortality and 0.95 (95% CI 0.58-1.57) for fatal cardiovascular disease. The hazard ratios for meeting the recommendation for long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n=5452, 75.7%) were 0.84 (95% CI 0.67-1.05) for all-cause mortality, 0.61 (95% CI 0.39-0.96) for fatal cardiovascular disease, 0.54 (95% CI 0.29-0.99) for fatal coronary heart disease, and 0.49 (95% CI 0.22-1.01) for sudden cardiac death. The highest reduction in all-cause mortality occurred in participants meeting both recommendations (hazard ratio 0.63 [95% CI 0.45-0.87]).

conclusionsIn participants without prior cardiovascular disease and high fish consumption, dietary ALA, supplied mainly by walnuts and olive oil, relates inversely to all-cause mortality, whereas protection from cardiac mortality is limited to fish-derived long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. CLINICAL

trial registrationURL: http://www.Controlled-trials.com/. Unique identifier: ISRCTN35739639.

Indexed as

DietJuglansNutsOlive OilRisk Reduction BehaviorSeafoodAgedAged, 80 and overalpha-Linolenic AcidCardiovascular DiseasesChi-Square DistributionFatty Acids, Omega-3FemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMalealpha-Linolenic AcidFatty Acids, Omega-3Olive Oilfatty acidnutritionsudden cardiac death

Identifiers

PMID26813890
PMCPMC4859371
OpenAlexW2252336474

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.