Trial reportDiabetologia2014
Liraglutide reverses pronounced insulin-associated weight gain, improves glycaemic control and decreases insulin dose in patients with type 2 diabetes: a 26 week, randomised clinical trial (ELEGANT).
Trial report in Diabetologia, 2014. The graph read 1 number from its abstract, feeding 1 cell of the map, but none could be read as for or against, so it casts no vote. It reports registered trial NCT01392898. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
Read, but not usablea number the graph found but could not read as for or against
Body weight decreased by 4.5 kg with liraglutide and increased by 0.9 kg with standard therapy (mean difference -5.2 kg [95% CI -6.7, -3.6 kg]; p < 0.001).
clause the extractor read what became the number
Where it lands on the map
Rows are treatments, columns are outcomes. The coloured squares are the cells this paper feeds, coloured by the vote it casts there. Click one to jump to what this paper adds to it.
What it adds to each cell
For every cell the paper feeds: the belief in the claim with and without this paper, and this paper's estimate drawn against every other readable study in the cell. The ringed dot is this paper.
GLP-1 receptor agonists×body weight & composition
No readable resultOpen on the map →What to test next →40 readable studies in this cell: 74 favour the treatment, 15 find no difference, 10 favour the comparator.
This paper's own estimate is on a different scale from the rest of the cell, so it is not drawn here.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effect of Liraglutide on Insulin-associated wEight GAiN in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (ELEGANT Trial)
Open the trial in the graphSemaglutide And Empagliflozin Combination Therapy Added To Automated Insulin Delivery In Adults With Type 1 Diabetes (SEMPA)
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of Hemoglobin A1c Reduction or Weight Reduction on Blood Pressure in Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist and Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitor Treatment in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2020Pooled it
- Long-term efficacy and safety of combined insulin and glucagon-like peptide-1 therapy: Evidence from the LEADER trial.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2019Trial
- Effects of liraglutide, metformin and gliclazide on body composition in patients with both type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized trial.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2019Trial
- Effect of exenatide QW or placebo, both added to titrated insulin glargine, in uncontrolled type 2 diabetes: The DURATION-7 randomized study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2018Trial
- Satisfaction of switching to combination therapy with lixisenatide and basal insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes receiving multiple daily insulin injection therapy: A randomized controlled trial.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2018Trial
- Efficacy and safety of liraglutide versus placebo added to basal insulin analogues (with or without metformin) in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2015 · on this mapTrial
- IDegLira Improves Both Fasting and Postprandial Glucose Control as Demonstrated Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring and a Standardized Meal Test.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2015 · on this mapTrial
- Liraglutide reduces the body weight and waist circumference in Chinese overweight and obese type 2 diabetic patients.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2015Trial
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Efficacy and Safety of Liraglutide in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026Article
- Glucagon-like Peptide-1 receptor agonists as emerging therapeutics in bipolar disorder: a narrative review of preclinical and clinical evidence.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Review
- An analysis on the role of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists in cognitive and mental health disorders.Nature. Mental health · 2025Article
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and mental health: a narrative review of emerging benefits and risks.Journal of Yeungnam medical science · 2025Article
- Effects of GLP-1 Agonists on mortality and arrhythmias in patients with Type II diabetes.International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2023Review
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist prescribing patterns in adolescents with type 2 diabetes.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2022Article
- Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist Use in People Living with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Narrative Review of the Key Evidence with Practical Considerations.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2022Review
- Decreased Risk of Anxiety in Diabetic Patients Receiving Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist: A Nationwide, Population-Based Cohort Study.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Clinical Evidence of Antidepressant Effects of Insulin and Anti-Hyperglycemic Agents and Implications for the Pathophysiology of Depression-A Literature Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Cost-benefit comparison of liraglutide and sitagliptin in the treatment of type 2 diabetes in Thailand.ClinicoEconomics and outcomes research : CEOR · 2019Article
- Use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists among individuals on basal insulin requiring treatment intensification.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2018Review
- Insulin Monotherapy Versus Insulin Combined with Other Glucose-Lowering Agents in Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review.International journal of endocrinology and metabolism · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The marked sentences are the ones the graph read a number from.
aims/hypothesisThe best treatment strategy for a patient with type 2 diabetes who shows pronounced weight gain after the introduction of insulin treatment is unclear. We determined whether addition of a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue could reverse pronounced insulin-associated weight gain while maintaining glycaemic control, and compared this with the most practised strategy, continuation and intensification of standard insulin therapy.
methodsIn a 26-week, randomised controlled trial (ELEGANT), conducted in the outpatient departments of one academic and one large non-academic teaching hospital in the Netherlands, adult patients with type 2 diabetes with ≥ 4% weight gain during short-term (≤ 16 months) insulin therapy received either open-label addition of liraglutide 1.8 mg/day (n = 26) or continued standard therapy (n = 24). A computer-generated random number list was used to allocate treatments. Participants were evaluated every 4-6 weeks for weight, glycaemic control and adverse events. The primary endpoint was between-group weight difference after 26 weeks of treatment (intention to treat).
resultsOf 50 randomised patients (mean age 58 years, BMI 33 kg/m(2), HbA1c 7.4% [57 mmol/mol]), 47 (94%) completed the study; all patients were analysed. Body weight decreased by 4.5 kg with liraglutide and increased by 0.9 kg with standard therapy (mean difference -5.2 kg [95% CI -6.7, -3.6 kg]; p < 0.001). The respective changes in HbA1c were -0.77% (-8.4 mmol/mol) and +0.01% (+0.1 mmol/mol) (difference -0.74% [-8.1 mmol/mol]) ([95% CI -1.08%, -0.41%] [-11.8, -4.5 mmol/mol]; p < 0.001); respective changes in insulin dose were -29 U/day and +5 U/day (difference -33 U/day [95% CI -41, -25 U/day]; p < 0.001). In five patients (19%), insulin could be completely discontinued. Liraglutide was well tolerated; no severe adverse events or severe hypoglycaemia occurred. CONCLUSIONS/
interpretationIn patients with pronounced insulin-associated weight gain, addition of liraglutide to their treatment regimen reverses weight, decreases insulin dose and improves glycaemic control, and hence seems a valuable therapeutic option compared with continuation of standard insulin treatment. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01392898. Funding The study was funded by Novo Nordisk.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.