ArticleTissue engineering. Part C, Methods2014
Freeze-thaw cycles enhance decellularization of large tendons.
Article in Tissue engineering. Part C, Methods, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers.
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Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 147 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Decellularization method and tissue region impact the structural properties and composition of porcine vaginal extracellular matrix.Acta biomaterialia · 2026Article
- Decellularization Protocols for Esophagus Bioengineering: A Systematic Review.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Trends in non-animal scaffolds for cultured meat structuration.NPJ science of food · 2025Review
- Acellular Extracellular Matrix Scaffolds in Regenerative Medicine: Advances in Decellularization and Clinical Applications.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2025Review
- Greener Decellularization of Porcine Auricular Cartilage Using Supercritical Technology and Different Pretreatments for Application in Tissue Engineering.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2025Article
- Advances in abiotic tissue-based biomaterials: A focus on decellularization and devitalization techniques.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- A Review on Bioengineering the Bovine Mammary Gland: The Role of the Extracellular Matrix and Reconstruction Prospects.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Three-Dimensional Bioprinting for Intervertebral Disc Regeneration.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2025Review
- Bioactive scaffolds for tissue engineering: A review of decellularized extracellular matrix applications and innovations.Exploration (Beijing, China) · 2025Review
- Decellularized Liver Matrices for Expanding the Donor Pool-An Evaluation of Existing Protocols and Future Trends.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Application of tergitol in liver decellularization and bioink preparation based on the obtained extracellular matrix.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Application of decellularization methods for scaffold production: advantages, disadvantages, biosafety and modifications.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Application of decellularized tissue for soft-hard interregional regeneration.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Liver tissue engineering using decellularized scaffolds: Current progress, challenges, and opportunities.Bioactive materials · 2024Review
- Primary Human Cell-Derived Extracellular Matrix from Decellularized Fibroblast Microtissues with Tissue-Dependent Composition and Microstructure.Cellular and molecular bioengineering · 2024Article
- Analysis of Extracellular ATP Distribution in the Intervertebral Disc.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2024Article
- Decellularized extracellular matrix biomaterials for regenerative therapies: Advances, challenges and clinical prospects.Bioactive materials · 2024Review
- Synergistic Effects of SDS and HInternational journal of biomaterials · 2024Article
- Development of artificial bone graft viaMaterials today. Bio · 2023Article
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The use of decellularized tendon tissue as a scaffold for tendon tissue engineering provides great opportunities for future clinical and current research applications. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of repetitive freeze-thaw cycles and two different detergents, t-octyl-phenoxypolyethoxyethanol (Triton X-100) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), on decellularization effectiveness and cytocompatibility in large tendons. Freshly collected equine superficial and deep digital flexor tendons were subjected to decellularization according to four different protocols (1 and 2: freeze-thaw cycles combined with either Triton X-100 or SDS; 3 and 4: Triton X-100 or SDS). Decellularization effectiveness was assessed based on the reduction of vital cell counts, histologically visible nuclei, and DNA content. Transmission electron microscopy was performed to evaluate cellular and extracellular matrix integrity. Further, cytocompatibility of scaffolds that had been decellularized according to the protocols including freeze-thaw cycles (protocols 1 and 2) was assessed by seeding the scaffolds with superparamagnetic iron oxide labeled mesenchymal stromal cells and monitoring the cells histologically and by magnetic resonance imaging for two weeks. Decellularization was significantly more effective when using the protocols including freeze-thaw cycles, leaving only roughly 1% residual nuclei and 20% residual DNA, whereas samples that had not undergone additional freeze-thaw cycles contained roughly 20% residual nuclei and 40% residual DNA. No morphological extracellular matrix alterations due to decellularization could be observed. Scaffolds prepared by both protocols including freeze-thaw cycles were cytocompatible, but the cell distribution into the scaffold tended to be better in scaffolds that had been decellularized using freeze-thaw cycles combined with Triton X-100 instead of SDS.
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