Trial reportDiabetes care2013
Glucagon-like peptide 1 reduces endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and oxidative stress induced by both hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes.
Trial report in Diabetes care, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 106 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of Liraglutide on Left Ventricular Function in Patients With Non-ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Open the trial in the graphTherapeutic Strategies for Microvascular Dysfunction in Type 1 Diabetes
Impact on the Oxidative Stress of the Different Analogues of Insulin in People With Type 1 Diabetes. Clinical Trial of Low Level of Intervention. (Ineox Study)
Effect of Hyperglycemia on Microvascular Perfusion in Healthy Adults
Who cites it
106 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 195 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anti-atherosclerotic effects of the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) based therapies in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2015Pooled it
- Metabolomic, hormonal and physiological responses to hypoglycemia versus euglycemia during exercise in adults with type 1 diabetes.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2020Trial
- Use of flash glucose-sensing technology in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with liraglutide combined with CSII: a pilot study.Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologica · 2020Trial
- Utility of Neuronal-Derived Exosomes to Examine Molecular Mechanisms That Affect Motor Function in Patients With Parkinson Disease: A Secondary Analysis of the Exenatide-PD Trial.JAMA neurology · 2019Trial
- Effects of liraglutide on left ventricular function in patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.Endocrine · 2016 · on this mapTrial
- Acute effects of hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia on vascular inflammatory biomarkers and endothelial function in overweight and obese humans.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2015Trial
- Vitamin C further improves the protective effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 on acute hypoglycemia-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction in type 1 diabetes.Diabetes care · 2013 · on this mapTrial
- Vitamin C further improves the protective effect of GLP-1 on the ischemia-reperfusion-like effect induced by hyperglycemia post-hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2013Trial
- Inflammation as a therapeutic target to improve kidney and cardiovascular outcomes.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2026Review
- Antidiabetic medications and arterial thrombotic risk reduction: a narrative review.Internal and emergency medicine · 2026Review
- Article
- GLP-1 receptor agonists and next-generation metabolic hormone therapies in chronic kidney disease.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2026Review
- Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Platelet Function: Potential Benefits Beyond Glycemic Control.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles fromFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Clinical and pathophysiological links between hypoglycemia and cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus.Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare · 2026Review
- Unraveling the Mystery: COVID-19 and Diabetic Complications - A Journey from Pathophysiology to Treatment.Current diabetes reviews · 2026Review
- Platelet mitochondria dysfunction in diabetes mellitus: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- GLP-1 agonists in the treatment of chronic kidney disease in type 2 diabetes and obesity.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Review
- Molecular Insights into the Potential Cardiometabolic Effects of GLP-1 Receptor Analogs and DPP-4 Inhibitors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 and impaired counterregulatory responses to hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes.World journal of diabetes · 2025Article
46 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveHyperglycemia and hypoglycemia currently are considered risk factors for cardiovascular disease in type 1 diabetes. Both acute hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia induce endothelial dysfunction and inflammation, raising the oxidative stress. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) has antioxidant properties, and evidence suggests that it protects endothelial function. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsThe effect of both acute hyperglycemia and acute hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes, with or without the simultaneous infusion of GLP-1, on oxidative stress (plasma nitrotyrosine and plasma 8-iso prostaglandin F2alpha), inflammation (soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and interleukin-6), and endothelial dysfunction has been evaluated.
resultsBoth hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia acutely induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. GLP-1 significantly counterbalanced these effects.
conclusionsThese results suggest a protective effect of GLP-1 during both hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia in type 1 diabetes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.