Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23460234›Full record

Trial reportOsteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA2013

Impact of vitamin D fortified milk supplementation on vitamin D status of healthy school children aged 10-14 years.

R Khadgawat, R K Marwaha, M K Garg, R Ramot, A K Oberoi, V Sreenivas, M Gahlot, N Mehan, P Mathur, N Gupta

Erratum issuedAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 36 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
36citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
3.6field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

36 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 88 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  6. Pooled it
  7. Trial
  8. Interventions to improve vitamin and mineral inadequacies among children in India: a scoping review.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2025
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  18. Evaluating Vitamin D Status in Infants Less than Seven Months; What Are the Preferred Biochemical Measurements?Breastfeeding medicine : the official journal of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

  • Erratum issued
5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

R KhadgawatDepartment of Endocrinology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
R K Marwaha
M K Garg
R Ramot
A K Oberoi
V Sreenivas
M Gahlot
N Mehan
P Mathur
N Gupta
All India Institute of Medical Sciences · INArmy Hospital Research and Referral · INInternational Life Sciences Institute India · IN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

unlabelledVitamin D deficiency is a major public health problem, needing immediate attention. We studied the effect of vitamin D fortification of milk in school children. Our results show that fortification of milk is safe and effective strategy to deal with widespread vitamin D deficiency.

introductionVitamin D deficiency among school children and adolescents is a well-documented major public health problem, needing immediate attention. To assess the effect of vitamin D fortified milk on serum 25 hydroxy vitamin D [S.25(OH)D] levels, we carried out a prospective double-blind randomized control trial in apparently healthy school children, aged 10-14 years.

methodsOf 776 subjects recruited out of 796 who consented, 713 (boys-300; girls-413) completed the study. Subjects were randomized into three groups. Group A (n = 237) received 200 ml of unfortified milk per day while group B (n = 243) and group C (n = 233) received 200 ml of milk fortified with 600 IU (15 μg) and 1,000 IU (25 μg) of vitamin D per day for 12 weeks. Serum calcium, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase, S.25(OH)D, and urinary calcium/creatinine ratio were estimated at baseline and after supplementation.

resultsHypovitaminosis D [25(OH)D < 20 ng/ml] was observed in 92.3 % subjects with mean S.25(OH)D level of 11.69 ± 5.36 ng/ml. There was no significant difference in S.25(OH)D levels among the three groups at baseline. The mean percentage change in S.25(OH)D level in groups B (137.97 %) and C (177.29 %.) were significantly greater than group A (-5.25 %). The percentage of subjects having S.25(OH)D levels >20 ng/ml following supplementation were 5.9 % in group A, 69.95 % in group B, and 81.11 % in group C in comparison to 6.32 %, 4.9 % and 12 %, respectively, at baseline.

conclusionFortification of milk with vitamin D is an effective and safe strategy in improving S.25(OH)D levels in children aged 10-14 years.

Indexed as

Food, FortifiedAdolescentAnimalsChildCholecalciferolDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHumansIndiaMaleMilkProspective StudiesTreatment OutcomeVitamin DVitamin D Deficiency25-hydroxyvitamin DCholecalciferolVitamin D

Identifiers

PMID23460234
OpenAlexW1992729000

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.