ArticleCell metabolism2010
Atherogenic lipids and lipoproteins trigger CD36-TLR2-dependent apoptosis in macrophages undergoing endoplasmic reticulum stress.
Article in Cell metabolism, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 247 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
247 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 463 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of CD36 in immune function: bridging innate and adaptive responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Lipoprotein (a) in the Development and Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Pooled it
- Lipid homeostasis in diabetic kidney disease.International journal of biological sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Efficacy of Curcumin on Aortic Atherosclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis in Mouse Studies and Insights into Possible Mechanisms.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2020Pooled it
- A genome-wide association meta-analysis on lipoprotein (a) concentrations adjusted for apolipoprotein (a) isoforms.Journal of lipid research · 2017Pooled it
- Metabolic effects of PCSK9 inhibition with Evolocumab in subjects with elevated Lp(a).Lipids in health and disease · 2020Trial
- Relationship of oxidized phospholipids on apolipoprotein B-100 to cardiovascular outcomes in patients treated with intensive versus moderate atorvastatin therapy: the TNT trial.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2015Trial
- VB-201, an oxidized phospholipid small molecule, inhibits CD14- and Toll-like receptor-2-dependent innate cell activation and constrains atherosclerosis.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2014Trial
- Elevated Lipoprotein(a) in Asian Populations and its Implications for Cardiovascular Disease.JACC. Asia · 2026Review
- Tissue-Resident Macrophage in Inflammation and Cancer.MedComm · 2026Review
- Pathophysiology of Atherosclerotic Carotid Disease.Seminars in neurology · 2026Review
- Lipoprotein(a) in Coronary Artery Disease and Aortic Stenosis: Pathophysiology, Clinical Impact, Interventional Implications and Emerging Targeted Therapies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Lipid droplet-associated proteins: Roles in cardiovascular diseases.Journal of lipid research · 2026Review
- From Storage to Signaling: Lipid Droplet Lipolysis in Cholesterol Mobilization and Foam Cell Remodeling.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2026Review
- From damage signals to immune modulators: oxidized lipids in immunometabolic inflammation.Journal of lipid research · 2026Review
- The Crosstalk Between Efferocytosis and Macrophage Polarization in Diabetic Wounds: A Comprehensive Review.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- The biology of lipoprotein(a): From genetics to molecular mechanisms.European journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- SSO targets CD36 to regulate lipid metabolism disorders and improve SiOCurrent research in toxicology · 2026Article
- A Position Paper on Lipoprotein(a) From the Lipoprotein(a) Task Force of the Korean Society of Lipid and Atherosclerosis: Current Evidence, Clinical Applications, and Future Directions.Journal of lipid and atherosclerosis · 2026Review
- A Position Paper on Lipoprotein(a) From the Lipoprotein(a) Task Force of the Korean Society of Lipid and Atherosclerosis: Current Evidence, Clinical Applications, and Future Directions.Korean circulation journal · 2026Review
187 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Macrophage apoptosis in advanced atheromata, a key process in plaque necrosis, involves the combination of ER stress with other proapoptotic stimuli. We show here that oxidized phospholipids, oxidized LDL, saturated fatty acids (SFAs), and lipoprotein(a) trigger apoptosis in ER-stressed macrophages through a mechanism requiring both CD36 and Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). In vivo, macrophage apoptosis was induced in SFA-fed, ER-stressed wild-type but not Cd36⁻(/)⁻ or Tlr2⁻(/)⁻ mice. For atherosclerosis, we combined TLR2 deficiency with that of TLR4, which can also promote apoptosis in ER-stressed macrophages. Advanced lesions of fat-fed Ldlr⁻(/)⁻ mice transplanted with Tlr4⁻(/)⁻Tlr2⁻(/)⁻ bone marrow were markedly protected from macrophage apoptosis and plaque necrosis compared with WT →Ldlr⁻(/)⁻ lesions. These findings provide insight into how atherogenic lipoproteins trigger macrophage apoptosis in the setting of ER stress and how TLR activation might promote macrophage apoptosis and plaque necrosis in advanced atherosclerosis.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.