Evidence map›Statins × cardiac & vascular function›PMID 19195498›Full record

Trial reportThe American journal of cardiology2009

Comparison of effects of rosuvastatin (10 mg) versus atorvastatin (40 mg) on rho kinase activity in caucasian men with a previous atherosclerotic event.

Ron Rawlings, Anju Nohria, Ping-Yen Liu, Jason Donnelly, Mark A Creager, Peter Ganz, Andrew Selwyn, James K Liao

Open access · greenAbstract readComparative StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in The American journal of cardiology, 2009. The graph read 1 number from its abstract, feeding 1 cell of the map, but none could be read as for or against, so it casts no vote. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

1number the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
5.8field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

Read, but not usablea number the graph found but could not read as for or against

Cardiac & vascular functioncomparator not stated · ascvd, dyslipidemiafeeds one cell of the map
improved 0.40p = 0.003
Statins also improved FMD from 7.4 +/- 0.6 to 9.3 +/- 0.4 (p = 0.003) with rosuvastatin being slightly better than atorvastatin.
FeedsStatins×cardiac & vascular function

clause the extractor read what became the number

2 · Its place on the map

Where it lands on the map

Rows are treatments, columns are outcomes. The coloured squares are the cells this paper feeds, coloured by the vote it casts there. Click one to jump to what this paper adds to it.

supports the treatmentfavours the comparatorno clear differenceread, but no usable result
3 · What it changes

What it adds to each cell

For every cell the paper feeds: the belief in the claim with and without this paper, and this paper's estimate drawn against every other readable study in the cell. The ringed dot is this paper.

Statins×cardiac & vascular function

No readable resultOpen on the map →What to test next →

11 readable studies in this cell: 4 favour the treatment, 6 find no difference, 1 favour the comparator.

Belief with this paper
0.50contested · 3 families support, 3 contradict · against placebo
Without itNot a counted family in this claim, so removing it changes nothing.
← favours the treatmentfavours the comparator →
0 · no effect
NCT023442907,769 enrolled · 2015
Δ -4.30-8.60 to -0.10
NCT02546323543 enrolled · 2015
Δ -0.01-0.02 to -0.00
NCT00728988499 enrolled · 2008
Δ 4.90-6.20 to 15.9
NCT0181335784 enrolled · 2013
Δ 0.00
Impact of statin therapy on central aortic pressures and hemodynamics:…PMID 19103995 · 2009
change -0.40-1.70 to 0.80
Effect of rosuvastatin on progression of carotid intima-media thicknes…PMID 17384434 · 2007
change -0.00-0.00 to 0.00
Effect of Targeting Inflammation With Salsalate: The TINSAL-CVD Random…PMID 27438317 · 2016
Δ -1.00-11.0 to 9.00
Atorvastatin improves left ventricular systolic function and serum mar…PMID 16412856 · 2006
increase 0.04
Simvastatin combined with ramipril treatment in hypercholesterolemic p…PMID 15184351 · 2004
reduced -7.00

This paper's own estimate is on a different scale from the rest of the cell, so it is not drawn here.

4 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

5 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 79 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Statins change the cytokine profile inFrontiers in immunology · 2022
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
6 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

7 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Ron RawlingsBrigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Anju Nohria
Ping-Yen Liu
Jason Donnelly
Mark A Creager
Peter Ganz
Andrew Selwyn
James K Liao
Brigham and Women's Hospital · USHarvard University · US

Funding

Tissue AnalysesP01HL048743 · NHLBI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI GLADYSHEV, VADIM N. · 1992 to 2014
$26.3M
LIPOPROTEINS EFFECTS ON G PROTEIN FUNCTIONR01HL052233 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI LIAO, JAMES KUANG-JAN · 1995 to 2016
$5.3M
Endothelial Akt in Vascular InjuryR01HL080187 · NHLBI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI LIAO, JAMES KUANG-JAN · 2006 to 2009
$1.6M
NHLBI NIH HHS HL052233NHLBI NIH HHS P01 HL048743NHLBI NIH HHS P01 HL-48743NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL052233NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL080187
8 · The paper itself

Abstract

The marked sentences are the ones the graph read a number from.

In addition to inhibiting cholesterol biosynthesis, statins also inhibit the formation of isoprenoid intermediates, which are required for the activation of the Rho/Rho kinase (ROCK) pathway. Increased ROCK activity has been implicated in causing endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. However, it is not known whether statins, at doses used to lower cholesterol levels, inhibit ROCK activity in humans with atherosclerosis. Furthermore, it is not known whether lipophilic and hydrophilic statins differ in their ability to inhibit ROCK activity. Accordingly, we enrolled 30 men with stable atherosclerosis (low-density lipoprotein [LDL] > or =100 mg/dL) in a randomized, double-blind study comparing equivalent LDL-lowering doses of a hydrophilic statin (rosuvastatin 10 mg once a day) with a lipophilic statin (atorvastatin 40 mg once a day) for 28 days. We assessed the change in lipids, ROCK activity, and flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery before and after statin therapy. Both treatment groups exhibited comparable 30% to 32% and 42% to 45% reductions in total and LDL cholesterol, respectively. Only atorvastatin reduced triglycerides, and neither statin altered high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Whereas both statins inhibited ROCK activity (p <0.0001), the extent of inhibition was greater with rosuvastatin (18 +/- 2% vs 8 +/- 2%, p = 0.0006). Statins also improved FMD from 7.4 +/- 0.6 to 9.3 +/- 0.4 (p = 0.003) with rosuvastatin being slightly better than atorvastatin. The inhibition of ROCK activity by statins did not correlate with reductions in LDL (p = 0.57) but was associated with improvement in FMD. In conclusion, these findings provide direct clinical evidence that statins, at clinically relevant doses, could differentially inhibit ROCK activity and improve endothelial function by cholesterol-independent mechanism.

Indexed as

AgedAtherosclerosisAtorvastatinBrachial ArteryCholesterol, LDLDouble-Blind MethodEndothelium, VascularFluorobenzenesHeptanoic AcidsHumansHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsMaleMiddle AgedPyrimidinesPyrrolesRegional Blood FlowAtorvastatinCholesterol, LDLFluorobenzenesHeptanoic AcidsHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsPyrimidinesPyrrolesrho-Associated KinasesRosuvastatin CalciumSulfonamides

Identifiers

PMID19195498
PMCPMC2673911
OpenAlexW2001817030

What OpenQuestion holds

Texttitle and abstract
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.