Trial reportJournal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.)2004
Cardiovascular outcomes using doxazosin vs. chlorthalidone for the treatment of hypertension in older adults with and without glucose disorders: a report from the ALLHAT study.
Trial report in Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.), 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It reports registered trial NCT00000542. Cited by 24 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT)
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- 10. Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Management: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2026.Diabetes care · 2026Guideline
- Thiazides in the management of hypertension in older adults - a systematic review.BMC geriatrics · 2017Pooled it
- Reducing the risk of stroke in type 2 diabetes: pathophysiological and therapeutic perspectives.Journal of neurology · 2009Pooled it
- A randomised, factorial trial to reduce arterial stiffness independently of blood pressure: Proof of concept? The VaSera trial testing dietary nitrate and spironolactone.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2020Trial
- Mortality and morbidity during and after Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial: results by sex.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2013Trial
- ALLHAT findings revisited in the context of subsequent analyses, other trials, and meta-analyses.Archives of internal medicine · 2009Trial
- Pillars of Blood Pressure Management in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Insights from Recent Trials and Emerging Perspectives.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- 10. Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Management: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2025.Diabetes care · 2025 · on this mapReview
- Polygenic Risk for Type 2 Diabetes in African Americans.Diabetes · 2024Article
- 10. Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Management: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2024.Diabetes care · 2024 · on this mapReview
- First-line diuretics versus other classes of antihypertensive drugs for hypertension.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Review
- 10. Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Management: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2023.Diabetes care · 2023Review
- Is Early Surgical Treatment for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Preferable to Prolonged Medical Therapy: Pros and Cons.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2021Review
- Newly-diagnosed diabetes and admission hyperglycemia predict COVID-19 severity by aggravating respiratory deterioration.Diabetes research and clinical practice · 2020Observational
- A Practical Approach to Hypertension Management in Diabetes.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2017Review
- Blood pressure reduction in diabetes: lessons from ACCORD, SPRINT and EMPA-REG OUTCOME.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2017Review
- Blood pressure control in type 2 diabetic patients.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2017Review
- Metabolic dysfunction in obstructive sleep apnea: A critical examination of underlying mechanisms.Sleep and biological rhythms · 2015Article
- Current perspectives on systemic hypertension in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.Current cardiology reports · 2014Review
- Diabetes and cardiovascular disease: changing the focus from glycemic control to improving long-term survival.The American journal of cardiology · 2012Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Insulin resistance underlies most glucose disorders in adults and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Alpha blockers decrease insulin resistance, whereas diuretics increase insulin resistance. The authors studied the effects of these two classes of hypertension medications (doxazosin, an a blocker, and chlorthalidone, a diuretic) on cardiovascular disease outcomes in adults aged >55 years with hypertension and glucose disorders who were participants in the Antihypertensive and Lipid Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (8749 had known diabetes mellitus and 1690 had a newly diagnosed glucose disorder [fasting glucose >/=110 mg/dL]). There was no difference in either group between the chlorthalidone- and doxazosin-based treatments with regard to fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction or all-cause mortality. There was, however, a difference for combined cardiovascular disease (myocardial infarction, revascularization procedures, angina, stroke, heart failure, and peripheral arterial disease) in favor of the diuretic. This difference was due primarily to an increased heart failure risk in those treated with doxazosin (relative risk, 1.85; 95% confidence interval, 1.56-2.19) in the known diabetes mellitus group and a relative risk of 1.63 (95% confidence interval, 1.05-2.55) in those with a newly diagnosed glucose disorder despite lower glucose levels on follow-up in those treated with a blockers. The authors conclude that treatment of hypertension with doxazosin in adults with glucose disorders incurs the same risk of coronary heart disease as treatment with chlorthalidone; however, treatment with doxazosin increases the risk of combined cardiovascular disease and heart failure despite lower glucose levels.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.