ArticleThe Biochemical journal2004
Functional characterization of alpha-glucan,water dikinase, the starch phosphorylating enzyme.
Article in The Biochemical journal, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 108 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genotypic diversity and genome-wide association study of gelatinization and retrogradation properties of potato starch.Food chemistry. Molecular sciences · 2026Article
- A structural perspective on α-glucan catabolism in oxygenic phototrophs.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2026Review
- Effects of different land use on functional genes of soil microbial carbon and phosphorus cycles in the desert steppe zone of the Loess Plateau.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- Covalently linked phosphate monoesters on alpha-polyglucans reduce substrate affinity of branching enzymes.Carbohydrate polymers · 2025Article
- Simultaneous Repression of GLUCAN WATER DIKINASE 1 and STARCH BRANCHING ENZYME 1 in Potato Tubers Leads to Starch With Increased Amylose and Novel Industrial Properties.Biotechnology journal · 2025Article
- Target of rapamycin signaling regulates starch degradation via α-glucan water dikinase in a unicellular red alga.Plant physiology · 2025Article
- Starch phosphorylation regulates starch granule morphological homogeneity in Arabidopsis thaliana.Plant physiology · 2024Article
- Article
- Bacterial transcriptional response to labile exometabolites from photosynthetic picoeukaryote Micromonas commoda.ISME communications · 2023Article
- Interactions between strains govern the eco-evolutionary dynamics of microbial communities.eLife · 2022Article
- Proteomics and Post-Translational Modifications of Starch Biosynthesis-Related Proteins in Developing Seeds of Rice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Genes That Mediate Starch Metabolism in Developing and Germinated Barley Grain.Frontiers in plant science · 2021Article
- Mutations in Glucan, Water Dikinase Affect Starch Degradation and Gametophore Development in the Moss Physcomitrella patens.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Repression ofFrontiers in plant science · 2018Article
- Modification of Cassava Root Starch Phosphorylation Enhances Starch Functional Properties.Frontiers in plant science · 2018Article
- Highly phosphorylated functionalized rice starch produced by transgenic rice expressing the potato GWD1 gene.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Incorporation of phosphate into glycogen by glycogen synthase.Archives of biochemistry and biophysics · 2016Article
- Modification of starch metabolism in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana increases plant biomass and triples oilseed production.Plant biotechnology journal · 2016Article
- Suppression of glucan, water dikinase in the endosperm alters wheat grain properties, germination and coleoptile growth.Plant biotechnology journal · 2016Article
- Glycogen phosphorylation and Lafora disease.Molecular aspects of medicine · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
GWD (alpha-glucan,water dikinase) is the enzyme that catalyses the phosphorylation of starch by a dikinase-type reaction in which the beta-phosphate of ATP is transferred to either the C-6 or the C-3 position of the glycosyl residue of amylopectin. GWD shows similarity in both sequence and reaction mechanism to bacterial PPS (pyruvate,water dikinase) and PPDK (pyruvate,phosphate dikinase). Amino acid sequence alignments identified a conserved histidine residue located in the putative phosphohistidine domain of potato GWD. Site-directed mutagenesis of this histidine residue resulted in an inactive enzyme and loss of autophosphorylation. Native GWD is a homodimer and shows a strict requirement for the presence of alpha-1,6 branch points in its polyglucan substrate, and exhibits a sharp 20-fold increase in activity when the degree of polymerization is increased from 27.8 to 29.5. In spite of the high variability in the degree of starch phosphorylation, GWD proteins are ubiquitous in plants. The overall reaction mechanism of GWD is similar to that of PPS and PPDK, but the GWD family appears to have arisen after divergence of the plant kingdom. The nucleotide-binding domain of GWD exhibits a closer phylogenetic relationship to prokaryotic PPSs than to PPDKs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.