Evidence map›Paper›PMID 11126230›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity2000

Psychometric properties and factor structure of the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) in obese men and women. Results from the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study.

J Karlsson, L O Persson, L Sjöström, M Sullivan

5 registry-linked trialsAbstract readValidation Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 5 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 470 papers, 12 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
470citing papers in PubMed, 12 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07284511 phase2 / phase3recruitingstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Fully Closed-Loop Glucose Control in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes Using Tirzepatide: a Randomized, Multi-center, Open-label, Non-inferiority, Parallel Trial

Ran2026Enrolled105Registered outcomes35Posted comparisons0ConditionsT1D, T1DM, T1DM - Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 DiabetesArmsCarbohydrate Counting, No Meal Announcement, Tandem Control-IQ Automated Insulin Delivery System (with Dexcom G7 CGM), Tirzepatide
PMID 39745353PMID 39601745PMID 31539622PMID 29246950PMID 27295427PMID 27633186PMID 34170647PMID 29747423PMID 18252903PMID 21346182PMID 27118163PMID 27621531other papers from this trial
Open the trial in the graph
NCT01025076 phase2completednot on this mapstarted 2009, after this paper: background citation

Phase II Study of Evaluation of the Safety and Effectiveness of Stomaphyx for Transoral Incisionless Reduction of the Enlarged Gastric Pouch and Stoma

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of AlbertaRan2009 to 2012Enrolled14ConditionsMorbid ObesityArmsStomaphyX
NCT02529423 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2015, after this paper: background citation

Multi-country cOllaborative Project on the rOle of Diet, FOod-related Behaviour, and Obesity in the Prevention of Depression (MoodFOOD)

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of the Balearic IslandsRan2015 to 2017Enrolled1,000ConditionsDepressionArmsMulti-nutrient supplement, Behavioral Activation, Placebo
NCT04029532 completednot on this mapstarted 2019, after this paper: background citation

Factors Associated With Obesity in Adult Women: Respiratory Exchange Ratio, Heart Rate Variation and Body Image

TypeobservationalSponsorNational Taiwan University HospitalRan2019 to 2020Enrolled121ConditionsObesityArmsRespiratory exchange ratio, Heart rate variability, Body composition, Eating behavior, Physical activity recall
NCT07387796 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Clinical and Neurobehavioral Changes With GLP-1 (Glucagon-like Peptide-1) Discontinuation

TypeinterventionalSponsorThe University of Texas at DallasRan2026 to 2029Enrolled40ConditionsDrug Discontinuation, Substance Use Disorders, Eating Behavior Changes, TirzepatideArmsDiscontinuation and Reinitiation of Tirzepatide
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

470 citing papers in PubMed, 12 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Exploring Loneliness in Clinical and Sub-Clinical Eating Disorders: A Systematic Review.European eating disorders review : the journal of the Eating Disorders Association · 2026
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  3. Psychometric Properties of Eating Behaviour Instruments for Older Adults: A Systematic Review.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2025
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  10. Loss of control as a transdiagnostic feature in obesity-related eating behaviours: A systematic review.European eating disorders review : the journal of the Eating Disorders Association · 2023
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410 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

J KarlssonHealth Care Research Unit, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Göteborg, Sweden. jan.karlsson@medicine.gu.se
L O Persson
L Sjöström
M Sullivan

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo evaluate the construct validity of the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) in obese men and women. SUBJECTS: A total of 4377 middle-aged, obese subjects in the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study.

methodsThe total sample was randomly split into two data subsets and psychometric testing was performed separately in each sample. Multitrait/multi-item analysis was conducted to test scaling assumptions and factor analysis was used to test the factor structure. Measures of mental well-being (MACL, HAD) were used for testing criterion-based validity.

resultsThe Cognitive Restraint factor was consistently reproduced and scaling analysis demonstrated strong item-scale discriminant validity, while the item-scale convergent validity was unsatisfactory. The internal structure of the Disinhibition scale was weak. Most Disinhibition and Hunger items grouped in one global factor labeled Uncontrolled Eating. A third cluster containing items on Emotional Eating was also identified. The obtained three-factor structure was cross-validated and replicated across subgroups by gender, age and BMI.

conclusionThe original TFEQ factor structure was not replicated. A short, revised 18-item instrument was constructed, representing the derived factors of Cognitive Restraint, Uncontrolled Eating and Emotional Eating. The most efficient items were used to boost both the convergent and discriminant validity of the scales.

Indexed as

Surveys and QuestionnairesAdultAgingBody Mass IndexCognitionEatingEmotionsFemaleHumansHungerInhibition, PsychologicalMaleMiddle AgedMood DisordersObesityPsychometrics

Identifiers

PMID11126230

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.