ArticleJournal of virology1999
Primary human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) isolates, like HIV-1 isolates, frequently use CCR5 but show promiscuity in coreceptor usage.
Article in Journal of virology, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 180 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
180 citing papers in PubMed, 325 citations in OpenAlex.
- International network for comparison of HIV neutralization assays: the NeutNet report II.PloS one · 2012Trial
- Galectin-8 binds HIV envelope glycoproteins with high affinity and promotes viral infectivity.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Macrophage-Derived Factors with the Potential to Contribute to the Pathogenicity of HIV-1 and HIV-2: Roles of M-CSF and CXCL7.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Single-cell delineation of strain-specific HIV-1 Vif activities using dual reporter sensor cells and live cell imaging.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- In vivo evolution of env in SHIV-AD8Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Article
- The HIV-1Viruses · 2024Article
- Studying Retroviral Life Cycles Using Visible Viruses and Live Cell Imaging.Annual review of virology · 2024Review
- Targeting monocytic Occludin impairs transendothelial migration and HIV neuroinvasion.EMBO reports · 2024Article
- HIV-2 mediated effects on target and bystander cells induce plasma proteome remodeling.iScience · 2024Article
- Distinct genetic clusters in HIV-1 CRF01_AE-infected patients induced variable degrees of CD4mBio · 2024Article
- HIV-1 Capsid Uncoating Is a Multistep Process That Proceeds through Defect Formation Followed by Disassembly of the Capsid Lattice.ACS nano · 2024Article
- SAMHD1 impairs type I interferon induction through the MAVS, IKKε, and IRF7 signaling axis during viral infection.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2023Article
- Cell-to-Cell Transmission of HIV-1 and HIV-2 from Infected Macrophages and Dendritic Cells to CD4+ T Lymphocytes.Viruses · 2023Article
- Article
- Intra-Patient Evolution of HIV-2 Molecular Properties.Viruses · 2022Article
- Evasion of cGAS and TRIM5 defines pandemic HIV.Nature microbiology · 2022Article
- Cell-to-cell transmission of HIV-1 from provirus-activated cells to resting naïve and memory human primary CD4 T cells is highly efficient and requires CD4 and F-actin but not chemokine receptors.Journal of medical virology · 2022Article
- HIV-2 Neutralization Sensitivity in Relation to Co-Receptor Entry Pathways and Env Motifs.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Experimental Models to Study HIV Latency Reversal from Male Genital Myeloid Cells.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022Article
120 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Coreceptor usage of primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates varies according to biological phenotype. The chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR4 are the major coreceptors that, together with CD4, govern HIV-1 entry into cells. Since CXCR4 usage determines the biological phenotype for HIV-1 isolates and is more frequent in patients with immunodeficiency, it may serve as a marker for viral virulence. This possibility prompted us to study coreceptor usage by HIV-2, known to be less pathogenic than HIV-1. We tested 11 primary HIV-2 isolates for coreceptor usage in human cell lines: U87 glioma cells, stably expressing CD4 and the chemokine receptor CCR1, CCR2b, CCR3, CCR5, or CXCR4, and GHOST(3) osteosarcoma cells, coexpressing CD4 and CCR5, CXCR4, or the orphan receptor Bonzo or BOB. The indicator cells were infected by cocultivation with virus-producing peripheral blood mononuclear cells and by cell-free virus. Our results show that 10 of 11 HIV-2 isolates were able to efficiently use CCR5. In contrast, only two isolates, both from patients with advanced disease, used CXCR4 efficiently. These two isolates also promptly induced syncytia in MT-2 cells, a pattern described for HIV-1 isolates that use CXCR4. Unlike HIV-1, many of the HIV-2 isolates were promiscuous in their coreceptor usage in that they were able to use, apart from CCR5, one or more of the CCR1, CCR2b, CCR3, and BOB coreceptors. Another difference between HIV-1 and HIV-2 was that the ability to replicate in MT-2 cells appeared to be a general property of HIV-2 isolates. Based on BOB mRNA expression in MT-2 cells and the ability of our panel of HIV-2 isolates to use BOB, we suggest that HIV-2 can use BOB when entering MT-2 cells. The results indicate no obvious link between viral virulence and the ability to use a multitude of coreceptors.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.