ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine1999
Cholera toxin suppresses interleukin (IL)-12 production and IL-12 receptor beta1 and beta2 chain expression.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 208 citations in OpenAlex.
- Harnessing Pentameric Scaffold of Cholera Toxin B (CTB) for Design of Subvirion Recombinant Dengue Virus Vaccine.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Evaluation of Cholera Toxin Adjuvanticity Effect on the Production of Specific Antibodies Induced by Avian Infectious Bronchitis Vaccine in Chickens.Archives of Razi Institute · 2022Article
- Cyclic nucleotides, gut physiology and inflammation.The FEBS journal · 2020Review
- Article
- Low doses of cholera toxin and its mediator cAMP induce CTLA-2 secretion by dendritic cells to enhance regulatory T cell conversion.PloS one · 2017Article
- Interleukin-4- and NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3-independent mechanisms of alum enhanced T helper type 2 responses on basophils.Immunology · 2016Article
- Nod2-mediated recognition of the microbiota is critical for mucosal adjuvant activity of cholera toxin.Nature medicine · 2016Article
- Cocoa Diet Prevents Antibody Synthesis and Modifies Lymph Node Composition and Functionality in a Rat Oral Sensitization Model.Nutrients · 2016Article
- Cholera toxin adjuvant promotes a balanced Th1/Th2/Th17 response independently of IL-12 and IL-17 by acting on Gsα in CD11b⁺ DCs.Mucosal immunology · 2015Article
- Endotoxic shock-expanded murine CD11c low CD45RB + regulatory dendritic cells modulate inflammatory T cell responses through multiple mechanisms.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- Mechanisms of Cholera Toxin in the Modulation of TH17 Responses.Critical reviews in immunology · 2015Review
- Indigenous enteric eosinophils control DCs to initiate a primary Th2 immune response in vivo.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2014Article
- Cholera toxin B subunit acts as a potent systemic adjuvant for HIV-1 DNA vaccination intramuscularly in mice.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2014Article
- Cholera toxin directly enhances IL-17A production from human CD4+ T cells.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2013Article
- Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibition in the treatment of psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis and other chronic inflammatory diseases.Dermatology and therapy · 2013Article
- Vibrio cholerae evades neutrophil extracellular traps by the activity of two extracellular nucleases.PLoS pathogens · 2013Article
- Article
- New paradigms in type 2 immunity.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2012Review
- Cholera toxin impairs the differentiation of monocytes into dendritic cells, inducing professional antigen-presenting myeloid cells.Infection and immunity · 2011Article
- The multikinase inhibitor sorafenib reverses the suppression of IL-12 and enhancement of IL-10 by PGE₂ in murine macrophages.International immunopharmacology · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cholera toxin (CT) is a potent mucosal vaccine adjuvant, which has been shown to induce T helper cell type 2 (Th2) responses in systemic and mucosal tissues. We report that CT inhibits the production of interleukin (IL)-12, a major Th2 counterregulatory cytokine. IL-12 p70 production by stimulated human monocytes was inhibited by CT in a dose-dependent manner. This suppression occurred at the level of gene transcription, was maximal at low concentrations of CT, and was dependent on the A subunit of the toxin, since purified CT B subunit had minimal effect. CT also inhibited the production of IL-12 p70 by monocyte-derived dendritic cells, as well as the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha, but not IL-10, IL-6, or transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1, by stimulated monocytes. The effects of CT were not due to autocrine production of IL-10, TGF-beta1, or prostaglandin E2. CT inhibited the production of IFN-gamma by anti-CD3-stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cell, due in part to suppression of IL-12 production, but also to the inhibition of expression of the beta1 and beta2 chains of the IL-12 receptor on T cells. In vivo, mice given CT before systemic challenge with lipopolysaccharide had markedly reduced serum levels of IL-12 p40 and interferon gamma. These data demonstrate two novel mechanisms by which CT can inhibit Th1 immune responses, and help explain the ability of mucosally administered CT to enhance Th2-dependent immune responses.
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