ArticleInfection and immunity1999
An in vitro tissue culture bilayer model to examine early events in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.
Article in Infection and immunity, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- Structural and Functional Characterization of Protein Adhesins and Pili in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Article
- Experimental dissection of tuberculosis protective immunity: a human perspective.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Airway epithelial cells mount an early response to mycobacterial infection.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Estradiol inhibits autophagy ofMolecular medicine reports · 2022Article
- Lung epithelial cells interact with immune cells and bacteria to shape the microenvironment in tuberculosis.Thorax · 2022Review
- Affinity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains for M059K microglial cells after migration through A549 alveolar epithelium.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2021Article
- Modelling early events in Mycobacterium bovis infection using a co-culture model of the bovine alveolus.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis curli pili (MTP) is associated with significant host metabolic pathways in an A549 epithelial cell infection model and contributes to the pathogenicity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2020Article
- Review
- A co-culture model of the bovine alveolus.F1000Research · 2019Article
- Review
- Ultrathin Porated Elastic Hydrogels As a Biomimetic Basement Membrane for Dual Cell Culture.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2017Article
- Experimental study of tuberculosis: From animal models to complex cell systems and organoids.PLoS pathogens · 2017Review
- A Diffusion-Based and Dynamic 3D-Printed Device That Enables Parallel in Vitro Pharmacokinetic Profiling of Molecules.Analytical chemistry · 2016Article
- Alveolar Epithelial Cells in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection: Active Players or Innocent Bystanders?Journal of innate immunity · 2016Review
- Strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis differ in affinity for human osteoblasts and alveolar cells in vitro.SpringerPlus · 2016Article
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection of the 'non-classical immune cell'.Immunology and cell biology · 2015Review
- Transcriptional profile of Mycobacterium tuberculosis replicating in type II alveolar epithelial cells.PloS one · 2015Article
- Ultrathin Ceramic Membranes as Scaffolds for Functional Cell Coculture Models on a Biomimetic Scale.BioResearch open access · 2015Article
- Interaction of alveolar epithelial cells with CFP21, a mycobacterial cutinase-like enzyme.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A tissue culture bilayer system that mimics some aspects of early alveolar infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis was developed. This model incorporates human lung epithelial type II pneumocyte (A549) (upper chamber) and endothelial cell (lower chamber) layers separated by a microporous membrane. This construction makes it possible to observe and quantify the passage of bacteria through the two layers, to observe the interaction of the bacteria with the various cell types, and to examine the basic mechanisms of immune cell recruitment to the site of infection. After 10(7) organisms were added to the upper chamber we microscopically observed large numbers of bacteria attached to and within the pneumocytes and we determined by viable-cell counting that a small percentage of the inoculum (0.02 to 0.43%) passed through the bilayer into the lower chamber. When peripheral blood mononuclear cells were added to the lower chamber, microscopic examination indicated a migration of the mononuclear cells through the bilayer to the apical surface, where they were seen associated with the mycobacteria on the pneumocytes. The added complexity of the bilayer system offers an opportunity to define more precisely the roles of the various lung cell types in the pathogenesis of early tuberculosis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.