Trial reportGut1999
Bovine immunoglobulin concentrate-clostridium difficile retains C difficile toxin neutralising activity after passage through the human stomach and small intestine.
Trial report in Gut, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 119 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nutritional Impact of Dietary Plasma Proteins in Animals Undergoing Experimental Challenge and Implications for Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disorders: A Meta-analysis.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2015Pooled it
- Oral human immunoglobulin for children with autism and gastrointestinal dysfunction: a prospective, open-label study.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2006Trial
- EnterotoxigenicEClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- Mucosal Vaccination Strategies againstVaccines · 2023Review
- Article
- Hyper-Immune Bovine Milk as an Immunological and Nutritional Supplement for COVID-19.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- Immunoregulatory Effects of Porcine Plasma Protein Concentrates on Rat Intestinal Epithelial Cells and Splenocytes.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Article
- Dietary supplementation with anti-IL-10 antibody during a severe Eimeria challenge in broiler chickens.Poultry science · 2020Article
- Structural features of bovine colostral immunoglobulin that confer proteolytic stability in a simulated intestinal fluid.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2020Article
- Can Drinking Microfiltered Raw Immune Milk From Cows Immunized Against SARS-CoV-2 Provide Short-Term Protection Against COVID-19?Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Article
- Application of Antibody-Mediated Therapy for Treatment and Prevention ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2018Review
- Effects of Bovine Immunoglobulins on Immune Function, Allergy, and Infection.Frontiers in nutrition · 2018Review
- Preventive effects of bovine colostrum supplementation in TNBS-induced colitis in mice.PloS one · 2018Article
- Bovine antibodies targeting primary and recurrent Clostridium difficile disease are a potent antibiotic alternative.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Is There a Role for the Enteral Administration of Serum-Derived Immunoglobulins in Human Gastrointestinal Disease and Pediatric Critical Care Nutrition?Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2016Review
- Breakthroughs in the treatment and prevention of Clostridium difficile infection.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2016Review
- Absorption and safety of serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin/protein isolate in healthy adults.Clinical and experimental gastroenterology · 2016Article
- Review
- Hyperimmune bovine colostrum as a novel therapy to combat Clostridium difficile infection.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBovine immunoglobulin concentrate (BIC)-Clostridium difficile is prepared from the colostrum of cows immunised against C difficile toxins and contains high concentrations of neutralising IgG antitoxin.
aimsTo determine the proportion of BIC-C difficile which survives passage through the human stomach and small intestine.
methodsSix volunteers with an end ileostomy took 5 g of BIC-C difficile containing 2.1 g of bovine IgG on four occasions: alone, with an antacid, during treatment with omeprazole, and within enteric coated capsules.
resultsWhen BIC-C difficile was taken alone, a mean (SEM) of 1033 (232) mg of bovine IgG was recovered in the ileal fluid representing 49% of the total ingested dose. Bovine IgG recovery was not significantly increased by antacid (636 (129) mg) or omeprazole (1052 (268) mg). The enteric capsules frequently remained intact or only partially opened in the ileal effluent and free bovine IgG levels were low in this treatment group (89 (101) mg). Bovine IgG recovery was higher in volunteers with shorter (less than two hours) mouth to ileum transit times (68% versus 36%, p<0. 05). Specific bovine IgG against C difficile toxin A was detected in ileal fluid following oral BIC. Toxin neutralising activity was also present and correlated closely with bovine IgG levels (r=0.95, p<0. 001).
conclusionBIC-C difficile resists digestion in the human upper gastrointestinal tract and specific anti-C difficile toxin A binding and neutralising activity was retained. Passive oral immunotherapy with anti-C difficile BIC may be a useful non-antibiotic approach to the prevention and treatment of C difficile antibiotic associated diarrhoea and colitis.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.