ArticleJournal of virology1999
In vivo rescue of a silent tax-deficient bovine leukemia virus from a tumor-derived ovine B-cell line by recombination with a retrovirally transduced wild-type tax gene.
Article in Journal of virology, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Unbiased and comprehensive identification of virus-derived circular RNAs in a large range of viral species and families.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- A complex network of transcription factors and epigenetic regulators involved in bovine leukemia virus transcriptional regulation.Retrovirology · 2023Review
- Role of the cellular factor CTCF in the regulation of bovine leukemia virus latency and three-dimensional chromatin organization.Nucleic acids research · 2022Article
- PCIP-seq: simultaneous sequencing of integrated viral genomes and their insertion sites with long reads.Genome biology · 2021Article
- Analysis of Nucleotide Sequence of Tax, miRNA and LTR of Bovine Leukemia Virus in Cattle with Different Levels of Persistent Lymphocytosis in Russia.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Effects of Naturally Occurring Mutations in Bovine Leukemia Virus 5'-LTR and Tax Gene on Viral Transcriptional Activity.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Regulation of Expression and Latency in BLV and HTLV.Viruses · 2020Review
- Characterization of new RNA polymerase III and RNA polymerase II transcriptional promoters in the Bovine Leukemia Virus genome.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Article
- A detailed molecular analysis of complete bovine leukemia virus genomes isolated from B-cell lymphosarcomas.Veterinary research · 2013Article
- Deep sequencing reveals abundant noncanonical retroviral microRNAs in B-cell leukemia/lymphoma.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2013Article
- Chromatin disruption in the promoter of bovine leukemia virus during transcriptional activation.Nucleic acids research · 2011Article
- DNA cytosine methylation in the bovine leukemia virus promoter is associated with latency in a lymphoma-derived B-cell line: potential involvement of direct inhibition of cAMP-responsive element (CRE)-binding protein/CRE modulator/activation transcription factor binding.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2010Article
- Complete suppression of viral gene expression is associated with the onset and progression of lymphoid malignancy: observations in Bovine Leukemia Virus-infected sheep.Retrovirology · 2007Article
- Suppression of viral gene expression in bovine leukemia virus-associated B-cell malignancy: interplay of epigenetic modifications leading to chromatin with a repressive histone code.Journal of virology · 2007Article
- Mechanisms of leukemogenesis induced by bovine leukemia virus: prospects for novel anti-retroviral therapies in human.Retrovirology · 2007Review
- Insights into gene expression changes impacting B-cell transformation: cross-species microarray analysis of bovine leukemia virus tax-responsive genes in ovine B cells.Journal of virology · 2006Article
- Article
- Article
- Retroviral Vector Biosafety: Lessons from Sheep.Journal of biomedicine & biotechnology · 2003Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The lack of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) expression is a consistent finding in freshly isolated ovine tumor cells and in the B-cell lines derived from these tumors. In order to gain further insight into the mechanisms of BLV silencing in these tumors, we have used the YR2 B-cell line, which was derived from the leukemic cells of a BLV-infected sheep. This cell line contains a single, monoclonally integrated, silent provirus, which cannot be reactivated either by stimulation in vitro or by in vivo injection of the tumor cells or cloned proviral DNA in sheep. Sequence analysis of the tax gene from the YR2 cell line identified two G-to-A transitions (G7924 to A7924 and G8149 to A8149) that result in E-to-K amino acid changes at positions 228 and 303 in the Tax protein. Following retroviral vector-mediated transfer of a wild-type tax gene into YR2 cells, we showed that BLV mRNA, viral proteins, and virions were produced, demonstrating that the cellular factors required for virus expression were present in the original YR2 cell line. Injection of this transduced YR2 cell line in sheep led to the rescue of replication-competent BLV proviruses. The integrated competent proviruses exhibited unique chimeric tax genes, which arose from homologous recombination between the transduced wild-type tax and the YR2-derived tax sequences. Furthermore, in one of these functional recombinant proviruses, only the A8149-to-G8149 reversion was present, providing clear evidence that the defect underlying the silent phenotype in YR2 cells results from a single C-terminal E303-to-K303 amino acid substitution in the BLV Tax protein. Our observations suggest that a single strategically located mutation in tax provides a mechanism for BLV inactivation in B-cell tumors.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.