ArticleMolecular and cellular biology1999
Two distinct gamma interferon-inducible promoters of the major histocompatibility complex class II transactivator gene are differentially regulated by STAT1, interferon regulatory factor 1, and transforming growth factor beta.
Article in Molecular and cellular biology, 1999. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 184 citations in OpenAlex.
- IRF-4-mediated CIITA transcription is blocked by KSHV encoded LANA to inhibit MHC II presentation.PLoS pathogens · 2013Trial
- Intestinal Epithelial MHC-II at the Interface of Microbiota, Immunity, and Inflammation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Oligodendrocytes Are Active Participants in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis and Its Animal Models.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The IFN-γ response cycle: decoupling tumor killing from evolutionary selection in cancer immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- ZBTB48 is a priming factor regulating B-cell-specific CIITA expression.The EMBO journal · 2024Article
- The NLR member CIITA: Master controller of adaptive and intrinsic immunity and unexpected tool in cancer immunotherapy.Biomedical journal · 2023Review
- FBXO11 constitutes a major negative regulator of MHC class II through ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation of CIITA.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Distinct Molecular Mechanisms of Altered HLA Class II Expression in Malignant Melanoma.Cancers · 2021Article
- Local IFNα enhances the anti-tumoral efficacy of systemic anti-PD1 to prevent tumor relapse.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2020Article
- Novel Proteome Extraction Method Illustrates a Conserved Immunological Signature of MSI-H Colorectal Tumors.Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP · 2020Article
- Forkhead transcription factor FOXO3a mediates interferon-γ-induced MHC II transcription in macrophages.Immunology · 2019Article
- Biological Consequences of MHC-II Expression by Tumor Cells in Cancer.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2019Review
- The class II transactivator (CIITA) is regulated by post-translational modification cross-talk between ERK1/2 phosphorylation, mono-ubiquitination and Lys63 ubiquitination.Bioscience reports · 2015Article
- Molecular characterization of chicken class II transactivator gene.Immunogenetics · 2015Article
- Activation of ERα signaling differentially modulates IFN-γ induced HLA-class II expression in breast cancer cells.PloS one · 2014Article
- Histone deacetylase inhibitors activate CIITA and MHC class II antigen expression in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.Immunology · 2013Article
- Adult human glia, pericytes and meningeal fibroblasts respond similarly to IFNy but not to TGFβ1 or M-CSF.PloS one · 2013Article
- Up-regulation of intestinal epithelial cell derived IL-7 expression by keratinocyte growth factor through STAT1/IRF-1, IRF-2 pathway.PloS one · 2013Article
- CIITA is silenced by epigenetic mechanisms that prevent the recruitment of transactivating factors in rhabdomyosarcoma cells.International journal of cancer · 2012Article
- CIITA promoter I CARD-deficient mice express functional MHC class II genes in myeloid and lymphoid compartments.Genes and immunity · 2012Article
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II transactivator (CIITA) is the master regulatory factor required for appropriate expression of class II MHC genes. Understanding the expression of CIITA is key to understanding the regulation of class II MHC genes. This report describes the independent regulation of two distinct CIITA promoters by cytokines with opposing functions, gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta). A functional analysis of deletion mutations of the upstream promoter (promoter III) identified an IFN-gamma-responsive region located approximately 5 kb from the transcriptional start site. An in vivo DNase I hypersensitivity analysis detected a hypersensitive site in this area which supports the relevance of this region. When the downstream promoter (promoter IV) was studied by in vivo genomic footprinting, IFN-gamma-induced changes at putative binding sites for STAT1, interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1), and E-box proteins were seen. Gel shift and supershift analyses for IRF-1 confirmed the in vivo footprint results. The role of the IFN-gamma-inducible transcription factor STAT1 was examined functionally. Although both promoters were controlled by STAT1, promoter-specific regulation was exhibited. The IFN-gamma response of promoter III was completely dependent on STAT1 and not IRF-1, while promoter IV was partially activated by IRF-1 in the total absence of STAT1 expression. While both promoters were affected by TGF-beta, activation of promoter III by IFN-gamma was more severely diminished by TGF-beta treatment. The differential control of CIITA promoters by TGF-beta, IRF-1, and STAT1 may be important in refining regulation of class II MHC genes in different cell types and under different stimulatory conditions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.