ArticleThe EMBO journal1998
The hepatitis B virus X protein activates nuclear factor of activated T cells (NF-AT) by a cyclosporin A-sensitive pathway.
Article in The EMBO journal, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Pathogenicity and virulence of Hepatitis B virus.Virulence · 2022Review
- Dysregulation of Liver Regeneration by Hepatitis B Virus Infection: Impact on Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Cancers · 2022Review
- Calcium Ions Signaling: Targets for Attack and Utilization by Viruses.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Endoplasmic reticulum & mitochondrial calcium homeostasis: The interplay with viruses.Mitochondrion · 2021Article
- C-terminal truncated HBx initiates hepatocarcinogenesis by downregulating TXNIP and reprogramming glucose metabolism.Oncogene · 2021Article
- Effect of HBx on inflammation and mitochondrial oxidative stress in mouse hepatocytes.Oncology letters · 2020Article
- An RNAi-based high-throughput screening assay to identify small molecule inhibitors of hepatitis B virus replication.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2017Article
- ChARM: Discovery of combinatorial chromatin modification patterns in hepatitis B virus X-transformed mouse liver cancer using association rule mining.BMC bioinformatics · 2016Article
- Hepatitis B Virus X and Regulation of Viral Gene Expression.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2016Review
- Hepatitis B virus molecular biology and pathogenesis.Hepatoma research · 2016Article
- Hepatitis B virus and microRNAs: Complex interactions affecting hepatitis B virus replication and hepatitis B virus-associated diseases.World journal of gastroenterology · 2015Review
- Identification of hepatitis B virus X gene variants between hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and pericarcinoma liver tissues in Eastern China.International journal of clinical and experimental pathology · 2014Article
- HBx induces HepG-2 cells autophagy through PI3K/Akt-mTOR pathway.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2013Article
- Hepatitis B virus X protein targets the Bcl-2 protein CED-9 to induce intracellular Ca2+ increase and cell death in Caenorhabditis elegans.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2012Article
- Hepatitis B virus X protein targets Bcl-2 proteins to increase intracellular calcium, required for virus replication and cell death induction.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2012Article
- Hepatitis B virus X gene and hepatocarcinogenesis.Journal of gastroenterology · 2011Review
- Hepatitis B virus X protein upregulates expression of SMYD3 and C-MYC in HepG2 cells.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2009Article
- Viral calciomics: interplays between Ca2+ and virus.Cell calcium · 2009Review
- Cardiac glycoside induces cell death via FasL by activating calcineurin and NF-AT, but apoptosis initially proceeds through activation of caspases.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2007Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The X gene product of the human hepatitis B virus (HBx) is a transcriptional activator of various viral and cellular genes. We recently have determined that the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) by HBV-infected hepatocytes is transcriptionally up-regulated by HBx, involving nuclear factor of activated T cells (NF-AT)-dependent activation of the TNF-alpha gene promoter. Here we show that HBx activates NF-AT by a cyclosporin A-sensitive mechanism involving dephosphorylation and nuclear translocation of the transcription factor. Luciferase gene expression assays demonstrated that HBx transactivates transcription through NF-AT-binding sites and activates a Gal4-NF-AT chimeric protein. DNA-protein interaction assays revealed that HBx induces the formation of NF-AT-containing DNA-binding complexes. Immunofluorescence analysis demonstrated that HBx induces the nuclear translocation of NF-AT, which can be blocked by the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin A. Furthermore, immunoblot analysis showed that the HBx-induced activation and translocation of NF-AT are associated with its dephosphorylation. Thus, HBx may play a relevant role in the intrahepatic inflammatory processes by inducing locally the expression of cytokines that are regulated by NF-AT.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.