ReviewMolecular neurobiology1998
The diversity of GABAA receptors. Pharmacological and electrophysiological properties of GABAA channel subtypes.
Review in Molecular neurobiology, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00034398 (Evaluation of Density and Pattern of Distribution of GABA A Receptors in Brain of Patients With Tourette's Syndrome Studied With PET Using [11C] Flumazenil), which is not on this map. Cited by 156 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Evaluation of Density and Pattern of Distribution of GABA A Receptors in Brain of Patients With Tourette's Syndrome Studied With PET Using [11C] Flumazenil
Who cites it
156 citing papers in PubMed.
- Tiagabine for posttraumatic stress disorder: effects of open-label and double-blind discontinuation treatment.Psychopharmacology · 2006Trial
- Restoration of gamma-aminobutyric acid homeostasis: A novel approach to alleviating central nervous system injury-associated immunodepression syndrome.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Molecular Mechanisms of Menstrual Cycle-Related Suicide Risk: A Selective Review of Promising Candidate Systems.Biological psychiatry · 2026Review
- B-9-8, a Novel Harman Dimer, Reverses ABCG2-mediated Chemotherapeutic Drug Resistance.Recent patents on anti-cancer drug discovery · 2026Article
- Spiro Hydantoins Can Reverse the Action of Positive Allosteric Modulators on GABAACS medicinal chemistry letters · 2025Article
- Dynamic and Homeostatic Neuron-Astrocyte Interactions at GABAergic Synapses.Neurochemical research · 2025Review
- Modulators of GABANeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Review
- Impact of Developmental Changes of GABAInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- From circuits to behavior: Amygdala dysfunction in fragile X syndrome.Frontiers in integrative neuroscience · 2023Review
- RNA epitranscriptomics dysregulation: A major determinant for significantly increased risk of ASD pathogenesis.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- GABAkines - Advances in the discovery, development, and commercialization of positive allosteric modulators of GABAPharmacology & therapeutics · 2022Review
- Inhibitory inputs to an inhibitory interneuron: Spontaneous postsynaptic currents and GABAThe European journal of neuroscience · 2022Article
- How Staying Negative Is Good for the (Adult) Brain: Maintaining Chloride Homeostasis and the GABA-Shift in Neurological Disorders.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2022Review
- Advances in pharmacotherapy for postpartum depression: a structured review of standard-of-care antidepressants and novel neuroactive steroid antidepressants.Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology · 2022Review
- ATG4D is the main ATG8 delipidating enzyme in mammalian cells and protects against cerebellar neurodegeneration.Cell death and differentiation · 2021Article
- GABAJournal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2021Review
- Electrophysiology of ionotropic GABA receptors.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2021Review
- Efficient and robust coding in heterogeneous recurrent networks.PLoS computational biology · 2021Article
- The general anesthetic etomidate and fenamate mefenamic acid oppositely affect GABAEuropean biophysics journal : EBJ · 2020Article
- Receptors and Channels Possibly Mediating the Effects of Phytocannabinoids on Seizures and Epilepsy.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
96 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The amino acid gamma-aminobutyric-acid (GABA) prevails in the CNS as an inhibitory neurotransmitter that mediates most of its effects through fast GABA-gated Cl(-)-channels (GABAAR). Molecular biology uncovered the complex subunit architecture of this receptor channel, in which a pentameric assembly derived from five of at least 17 mammalian subunits, grouped in the six classes alpha, beta, gamma, delta, sigma and epsilon, permits a vast number of putative receptor isoforms. The subunit composition of a particular receptor determines the specific effects of allosterical modulators of the GABAARs like benzodiazepines (BZs), barbiturates, steroids, some convulsants, polyvalent cations, and ethanol. To understand the physiology and diversity of GABAARs, the native isoforms have to be identified by their localization in the brain and by their pharmacology. In heterologous expression systems, channels require the presence of alpha, beta, and gamma subunits in order to mimic the full repertoire of native receptor responses to drugs, with the BZ pharmacology being determined by the particular alpha and gamma subunit variants. Little is known about the functional properties of the beta, delta, and epsilon subunit classes and only a few receptor subtype-specific substances like loreclezole and furosemide are known that enable the identification of defined receptor subtypes. We will summarize the pharmacology of putative receptor isoforms and emphasize the characteristics of functional channels. Knowledge of the complex pharmacology of GABAARs might eventually enable site-directed drug design to further our understanding of GABA-related disorders and of the complex interaction of excitatory and inhibitory mechanisms in neuronal processing.
Indexed as
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.