ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine1998
Interleukin 6 influences germinal center development and antibody production via a contribution of C3 complement component.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 89 papers.
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Who cites it
89 citing papers in PubMed, 199 citations in OpenAlex.
- COVIDOSE: A Phase II Clinical Trial of Low-Dose Tocilizumab in the Treatment of Noncritical COVID-19 Pneumonia.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2021Trial
- Liver-derived complement component 3 promotes the susceptibility to stress-induced depression by impairing blood-brain barrier integrity.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Reduction of TRAF3 by heterozygosity or aging impacts B cell function.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Unique and redundant roles of mouse BCMA, TACI, BAFF, APRIL, and IL-6 in supporting antibody-producing cells in different tissues.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Immunization with a peptide mimicking lipoteichoic acid induces memory B cells in BALB/c mice.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Pacritinib abrogates the lupus phenotype in ABIN1[D485N] mice.Lupus science & medicine · 2023Article
- C-type lectin receptor agonists elicit functional IL21-expressing Tfh cells and induce primary B cell responses in neonates.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- B Cell Immunity in Lung Transplant Rejection - Effector Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Follicular regulatory T cells eliminate HIV-1-infected follicular helper T cells in an IL-2 concentration dependent manner.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Double Negative (DN) B cells: A connecting bridge between rheumatic diseases and COVID-19?Mediterranean journal of rheumatology · 2021Review
- Plasma cell biology: Foundations for targeted therapeutic development in transplantation.Immunological reviews · 2021Review
- IL-6 signaling mediates the germinal center response, IgM production and nociceptive sensitization in male mice after tibia fracture.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2021Article
- Article
- Role of Interleukin-6 in Vascular Health and Disease.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2021Review
- Germinal Center and Extrafollicular B Cell Responses in Vaccination, Immunity, and Autoimmunity.Immunity · 2020Review
- COVID-19 neutralizing antibodies predict disease severity and survival.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2020Article
- Review
- Targeting STAT-3 signaling pathway in cancer for development of novel drugs: Advancements and challenges.Genetics and molecular biology · 2020Article
- Distinct signals and immune cells drive liver pathology and glomerulonephritis in ABIN1[D485N] mice.Life science alliance · 2019Article
- Impact of Interleukin-27p28 on T and B Cell Responses during Toxoplasmosis.Infection and immunity · 2019Article
29 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mice rendered deficient for interleukin (IL) 6 by gene targeting were evaluated for their response to T cell-dependent antigens. Antigen-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)M levels were unaffected whereas all IgG isotypes showed varying degrees of alteration. Germinal center reactions occurred but remained physically smaller in comparison to those in the wild-type mice. This concurred with the observations that molecules involved in initial signaling events leading to germinal center formation were not altered (e.g., B7.2, CD40 and tumor necrosis factor R1). T cell priming was not impaired nor was a gross imbalance of T helper cell (Th) 1 versus Th2 cytokines observed. However, B7.1 molecules, absent from wild-type counterparts, were detected on germinal center B cells isolated from the deficient mice suggesting a modification of costimulatory signaling. A second alteration involved impaired de novo synthesis of C3 both in serum and germinal center cells from IL-6-deficient mice. Indeed, C3 provided an essential stimulatory signal for wild-type germinal center cells as both monoclonal antibodies that interrupted C3-CD21 interactions and sheep anti-mouse C3 antibodies caused a significant decrease in antigen-specific antibody production. In addition, germinal center cells isolated from C3-deficient mice produced a similar defect in isotype production. Low density cells with dendritic morphology were the local source of IL-6 and not the germinal center lymphocytes. Adding IL-6 in vitro to IL-6-deficient germinal center cells stimulated cell cycle progression and increased levels of antibody production. These findings reveal that the germinal center produces and uses molecules of the innate immune system, evolutionarily pirating them in order to optimally generate high affinity antibody responses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.