ArticleJournal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry1998
Motor evoked potentials in unilateral lingual paralysis after monohemispheric ischaemia.
Article in Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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6 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cortical innervation of the hypoglossal nucleus in the non-human primate (Macaca mulatta).The Journal of comparative neurology · 2014Article
- Article
- Transient hemiglossal denervation during acute internal capsule infarct in the setting of dysarthria-clumsy hand syndrome.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology · 2010Article
- Influence of sensory deprivation and perturbation of trigeminal afferent fibers on corticomotor control of human tongue musculature.Experimental brain research · 2006Article
- Plasticity in corticomotor control of the human tongue musculature induced by tongue-task training.Experimental brain research · 2003Article
- When Nothing Goes Right: An Unexpected Tongue Deviation in Internal Carotid Artery Dissection.Case reports in neurologyArticle
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThe occurrence of a lingual paralysis after unilateral upper motor neuron lesions is an infrequent clinical phenomenon, and the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are poorly understood. We studied the cortical motor representations of ipsilateral and contralateral lingual muscles in healthy controls and in a selected group of stroke patients, to clarify the variable occurrence of a lingual paralysis after recent monohemispheric ischaemia.
methodsA special bipolar surface electrode was used to record the ipsilateral and contralateral compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) from the lingual muscles after transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the human motor cortex and peripheral electrical stimulation (PES) of the hypoglossal nerve medial to the angle of the jaw. Four patients with a lingual paralysis (group 1) and four patients with symmetric lingual movements (group 2) after monohemispheric first ever stroke were studied and compared with 40 healthy controls.
resultsIn controls, TMS of either hemisphere invariably produces CAMPs in the ipsilateral and contralateral lingual muscles, elicited through crossed and uncrossed central motor pathways, respectively. In the 40 healthy controls, TMS of either hemisphere elicited CMAPs of significantly greater amplitudes and shorter onset latencies from the contralateral muscles compared with the ipsilateral responses (p<0.0001). In the patient groups, TMS of the affected hemisphere failed to evoke any CMAP from either lingual side; TMS of the unsevered hemisphere always produced normal ipsilateral and contralateral responses, irrespective of whether the ipsilateral muscles were paralysed or not.
conclusionsBilateral crossed and uncrossed corticonuclear projections are invariably existent in humans. After unilateral interruption of these pathways, some people do exhibit a lingual paralysis whereas others do not. The development of a central lingual paralysis is most likely dependent on the ability of the unsevered hemisphere to utilise the pre-existent uncrossed motor projections. The variable availability of these pathways among individual subjects is in good agreement with the inconstant occurrence of a lingual paralysis after restricted monohemispheric lesions.
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