ArticleAmerican journal of public health1998
Dementia is the major cause of functional dependence in the elderly: 3-year follow-up data from a population-based study.
Article in American journal of public health, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 82 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
82 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 342 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exercise for prevention of falls and fall-related injuries in neurodegenerative diseases and aging-related risk conditions: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- Dementia and co-occurring chronic conditions: a systematic literature review to identify what is known and where are the gaps in the evidence?International journal of geriatric psychiatry · 2017Pooled it
- Trial
- A randomized trial of the impact of a specific care plan in 1120 Alzheimer's patients (PLASA Study) over a two-year period: design and baseline data.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2008Trial
- Randomised, clinically controlled trial of intensive geriatric rehabilitation in patients with hip fracture: subgroup analysis of patients with dementia.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2000Trial
- A randomized controlled trial of an activity specific exercise program for individuals with Alzheimer disease in long-term care settings.Journal of geriatric physical therapy (2001)Trial
- Factors that relate to activity engagement in nursing home residents.American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementiasTrial
- Association between long-term ambient air pollution exposure and cognitive disorders among older adults in China: the mediating role of lifestyle.Journal of global health · 2026Article
- Cost-effectiveness of a community-based dementia support model: evidence from a real-world economic evaluation.Cost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E · 2026Article
- Article
- The current situation and influencing factors of nurses' sense of competence in dementia care in primary medical institutions: a cross-sectional study.BMC nursing · 2025Article
- The association between dietary fiber intake and cognitive function: mediating role of inflammatory markers.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Functional disability and its associated factors among community- dweller older adults living in Gondar Town, Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- The Association between Acupuncture Therapy and the Risk of Disability Development in Dementia Patients: A Nationwide Cohort Study.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2024Article
- Therapeutic efficacy and promise of stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in Alzheimer's disease and other aging-related disorders.Ageing research reviews · 2023Review
- Injurious falls before, during and after dementia diagnosis: a population-based study.Age and ageing · 2022Article
- The Effect of Music-Based Intervention on General Cognitive and Executive Functions, and Episodic Memory in People with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Recent Randomized Controlled Trials.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Predictors of Moderate or Severe Cognitive Impairment at Six Months of the Hip Fracture in the Surgical Patient over 65 Years of Age.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Comparing emergency department use among individuals with varying levels of cognitive impairment.BMC geriatrics · 2022Article
- Daily Level Association of Physical Activity and Performance on Ecological Momentary Cognitive Tests in Free-living Environments: A Mobile Health Observational Study.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2022Observational
22 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThe purpose of this investigation was to study the role of dementia and other common age-related diseases as determinants of dependence in activities of daily living (ADL) in the elderly.
methodsThe study population consisted of 1745 persons, aged 75 years and older, living in a district of Stockholm. They were examined at baseline and after a 3-year follow-up interval. Katz's index was used to measure functional status. Functional dependence at baseline, functional decline, and development of functional dependence at follow-up were examined in relation to sociodemographic characteristics and chronic conditions.
resultsAt baseline, factors associated with functional dependence were age, dementia, cerebrovascular disease, heart disease, and hip fracture. However, only age and dementia were associated with the development of functional dependence and decline after 3 years. In a similar analysis, including only nondemented subjects. Mini-Mental State Examination scores emerged as one of the strongest determinants. The population attributable risk percentage of dementia in the development of functional dependence was 49%.
conclusionsIn a very old population, dementia and cognitive impairment make the strongest contribution to both the development of long-term functional dependence and decline in function.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.