ReviewClinical microbiology reviews1998
Regulation and function of T-cell-mediated immunity during Toxoplasma gondii infection.
Review in Clinical microbiology reviews, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 289 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
289 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 690 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of T. gondii infection with suicide: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2020Pooled it
- Is Toxoplasma gondii type related to clinical outcome in human congenital infection? Systematic and critical review.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2016Pooled it
- The Effect of Latent Toxoplasma gondii Infection on the Immune Response in HIV-Infected Patients.BioMed research international · 2015Trial
- Comparative Immunopathology of Toxoplasma gondii Natural Infections in Marmosets (Callithrix spp.) and Howler Monkeys (Alouatta spp.), Brazil.Journal of medical primatology · 2026Article
- The Live-Attenuated PruΔAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Are CD4Livers · 2026Article
- Next-Generation Vaccines Against Neglected Diseases: New Promises from Genetically Modified Live-Attenuated Parasites and RNA Vaccines.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Astrocytic but not Microglial Antigen Presentation Shapes Protective Immunity to Toxoplasma gondii in the Brain.Research square · 2026Article
- Blockade of Tim-3 pathway in a mouse model of Toxoplasmosis: impact on brain leukocyte infiltration, parasite burden, and neuroinflammation.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- ZBP1 mediated restriction of Toxoplasma gondii in both the early acute and chronic brain stages of infection.ImmunoHorizons · 2026Article
- SFV Replicon Vector Harbouring Porcine Epidemic Diarrhoea Virus Immunogens Delivered by AttenuatedViruses · 2026Article
- Article
- Spatially divergent metabolic impact of experimental toxoplasmosis: immunological and microbial correlates.mSystems · 2025Article
- The Acute Immune Response in Sheep Following Immunization withVeterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Efficacy of Heterologous Vaccination Using Virus-Like Particles and Vaccinia Virus Containing MIC8 and AMA1 Proteins ofVaccines · 2025Article
- Review
- Chronic inflammation in pregnant women with latent toxoplasmosis and explanation of discordant results of serological tests for toxoplasmosis.Folia parasitologica · 2025Article
- Early dynamics of Toxoplasma gondii infection in sheep inoculated at mid-gestation with archetypal type II oocysts.Veterinary research · 2025Article
- A novel combined quadrivalent self-amplifying mRNA-LNP vaccine provokes protective immunity against acute and chronic toxoplasmosis in mice.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2025Article
- A major Toxoplasma serine protease inhibitor protects the parasite against gut-derived serine proteases and NETosis damage.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2025Article
229 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The intracellular protozoan Toxoplasma gondii is a widespread opportunistic parasite of humans and animals. Normally, T. gondii establishes itself within brain and skeletal muscle tissues, persisting for the life of the host. Initiating and sustaining strong T-cell-mediated immunity is crucial in preventing the emergence of T. gondii as a serious pathogen. The parasite induces high levels of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) during initial infection as a result of early T-cell as well as natural killer (NK) cell activation. Induction of interleukin-12 by macrophages is a major mechanism driving early IFN-gamma synthesis. The latter cytokine, in addition to promoting the differentiation of Th1 effectors, is important in macrophage activation and acquisition of microbicidal functions, such as nitric oxide release. During chronic infection, parasite-specific T lymphocytes release high levels of IFN-gamma, which is required to prevent cyst reactivation. T-cell-mediated cytolytic activity against infected cells, while easily demonstrable, plays a secondary role to inflammatory cytokine production. While part of the clinical manifestations of toxoplasmosis results from direct tissue destruction by the parasite, inflammatory cytokine-mediated immunopathologic changes may also contribute to disease progression.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.