ArticleJournal of virology1998
Local periocular vaccination protects against eye disease more effectively than systemic vaccination following primary ocular herpes simplex virus infection in rabbits.
Article in Journal of virology, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vaccines for microbial eye diseases in the era of data science: opportunities and challenges.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Possible viral agents to consider in the differential diagnosis of blepharoconjunctivitis.World journal of virology · 2024Article
- Enhanced immune responses to vaccine antigens in the corneal stroma.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2023Article
- Human Asymptomatic Epitope Peptide/CXCL10-Based Prime/Pull Vaccine Induces Herpes Simplex Virus-Specific Gamma Interferon-Positive CD107Journal of virology · 2018Article
- Laser Adjuvant-Assisted Peptide Vaccine Promotes Skin Mobilization of Dendritic Cells and Enhances Protective CD8Journal of virology · 2018Article
- Subclinical Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infections Provide Site-Specific Resistance to an Unrelated Pathogen.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2017Article
- Age-related Defects in Ocular and Nasal Mucosal Immune System and the Immunopathology of Dry Eye Disease.Ocular immunology and inflammation · 2016Review
- The Herpes Simplex Virus Latency-Associated Transcript Gene Is Associated with a Broader Repertoire of Virus-Specific Exhausted CD8+ T Cells Retained within the Trigeminal Ganglia of Latently Infected HLA Transgenic Rabbits.Journal of virology · 2016Article
- Article
- A Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Human Asymptomatic CD8+ T-Cell Epitopes-Based Vaccine Protects Against Ocular Herpes in a "Humanized" HLA Transgenic Rabbit Model.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2015Article
- The Current State of Vaccine Development for Ocular HSV-1 Infection.Expert review of ophthalmology · 2015Article
- Antigen targeting to M cells for enhancing the efficacy of mucosal vaccines.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2014Review
- Asymptomatic memory CD8+ T cells: from development and regulation to consideration for human vaccines and immunotherapeutics.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2014Review
- HSV-1 latent rabbits shed viral DNA into their saliva.Virology journal · 2012Article
- Immunodominant "asymptomatic" herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 protein antigens identified by probing whole-ORFome microarrays with serum antibodies from seropositive asymptomatic versus symptomatic individuals.Journal of virology · 2012Article
- Mucosal herpes immunity and immunopathology to ocular and genital herpes simplex virus infections.Clinical & developmental immunology · 2012Review
- Review
- Nasolacrimal duct closure modulates ocular mucosal and systemic CD4(+) T-cell responses induced following topical ocular or intranasal immunization.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2010Article
- A novel HLA (HLA-A*0201) transgenic rabbit model for preclinical evaluation of human CD8+ T cell epitope-based vaccines against ocular herpes.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2010Article
- Gender-dependent HLA-DR-restricted epitopes identified from herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein D.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2008Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Vaccination of experimental animals can provide efficient protection against ocular herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) challenge. Although it is suspected that local immune responses are important in protection against ocular HSV-1 infection, no definitive studies have been done to determine if local ocular vaccination would produce more efficacious protection against HSV-1 ocular challenge than systemic vaccination. To address this question, we vaccinated groups of rabbits either systemically or periocularly with recombinant HSV-2 glycoproteins B (gB2) and D (gD2) in MF59 emulsion or with live KOS (a nonneurovirulent strain of HSV-1). Three weeks after the final vaccination, all eyes were challenged with McKrae (a virulent, eye disease-producing strain of HSV-1). Systemic vaccination with either HSV-1 KOS or gB2/gD2 in MF59 did not provide significant protection against any of the four eye disease parameters measured (conjunctivitis, iritis, epithelial keratitis, and corneal clouding). In contrast, periocular vaccination with gB2/gD2 in MF59 provided significant protection against conjunctivitis and iritis, while ocular vaccination with live HSV-1 KOS provided significant protection against all four parameters. Thus, local ocular vaccination provided better protection than systemic vaccination against eye disease following ocular HSV-1 infection. Since local vaccination should produce a stronger local immune response than systemic vaccination, these results suggest that the local ocular immune response is very important in protecting against eye disease due to primary HSV-1 infection. Thus, for clinical protection against primary HSV-1-induced corneal disease, a local ocular vaccine may prove more effective than systemic vaccination.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.