ArticleGenes & development1998
Pax9-deficient mice lack pharyngeal pouch derivatives and teeth and exhibit craniofacial and limb abnormalities.
Article in Genes & development, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 285 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
285 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 830 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tooth agenesis and orofacial clefting: genetic brothers in arms?Human genetics · 2016Pooled it
- Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals Multiple Loci Influencing Normal Human Facial Morphology.PLoS genetics · 2016Pooled it
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- A Signaling-Threshold Framework for Human Tooth Agenesis: Integrating Molecular Genetics with Developmental Field Theory.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Integrated Genetic Networks and Epigenetic Regulation inTooth Development and Maturation.Cells · 2026Review
- Genome-wide association study meta-analysis identifies susceptibility loci informing Ewing sarcoma etiology and potential mechanisms of risk.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
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- An iPSC-based in vitro model recapitulates human thymic epithelial development and multi-lineage specification.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Generation of parathyroid glands from pluripotent stem cells.Endocrine journal · 2025Review
- PAX Family, Master Regulator in Cancer.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Genetic Aspects of Tooth Agenesis.Genes · 2025Review
- Epithelial and mesenchymal compartments of the developing bladder and urethra display spatially distinct gene expression patterns.Developmental biology · 2025Article
- Characterisation of Kürsteiner canals of parathyroid: imparting relevance to a one-and-a-quarter-century-old concept.Histopathology · 2025Article
- Fabrication of Hard Tissue Constructs from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Exploring Mechanisms of Hereditary Tooth/Skeletal Dysplasia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Thymus Ontogeny and Development.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Association betweenOpen life sciences · 2025Review
225 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pax genes have been shown to play important roles in mammalian development and organogenesis. Pax9, a member of this transcription factor family, is expressed in somites, pharyngeal pouches, mesenchyme involved in craniofacial, tooth, and limb development, as well as other sites during mouse embryogenesis. To analyze its function in vivo, we generated Pax9 deficient mice and show that Pax9 is essential for the development of a variety of organs and skeletal elements. Homozygous Pax9-mutant mice die shortly after birth, most likely as a consequence of a cleft secondary palate. They lack a thymus, parathyroid glands, and ultimobranchial bodies, organs which are derived from the pharyngeal pouches. In all limbs, a supernumerary preaxial digit is formed, but the flexor of the hindlimb toes is missing. Furthermore, craniofacial and visceral skeletogenesis is disturbed, and all teeth are absent. In Pax9-deficient embryos tooth development is arrested at the bud stage. At this stage, Pax9 is required for the mesenchymal expression of Bmp4, Msx1, and Lef1, suggesting a role for Pax9 in the establishment of the inductive capacity of the tooth mesenchyme. In summary, our analysis shows that Pax9 is a key regulator during the development of a wide range of organ primordia.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.