ArticleInfection and immunity1998
Simultaneous induction of multiple antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in nonhuman primates by immunization with a mixture of four Plasmodium falciparum DNA plasmids.
Article in Infection and immunity, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Boosting of DNA vaccine-elicited gamma interferon responses in humans by exposure to malaria parasites.Infection and immunity · 2005Trial
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- Vaccination With Sporozoites: Models and Correlates of Protection.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Magnetic Nanovectors for the Development of DNA Blood-Stage Malaria Vaccines.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2017Article
- Complex Minigene Library Vaccination for Discovery of Pre-Erythrocytic Plasmodium T Cell Antigens.PloS one · 2016Article
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- Human adenovirus 5-vectored Plasmodium falciparum NMRC-M3V-Ad-PfCA vaccine encoding CSP and AMA1 is safe, well-tolerated and immunogenic but does not protect against controlled human malaria infection.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2013Article
- Article
- Genetic immunisation by liver stage antigen 3 protects chimpanzees against malaria despite low immune responses.PloS one · 2008Article
- Article
- Genetic vaccination approaches against malaria based on the circumsporozoite protein.Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2006Review
- Effect on antibody and T-cell responses of mixing five GMP-produced DNA plasmids and administration with plasmid expressing GM-CSF.Genes and immunity · 2004Article
- A bicistronic DNA vaccine containing apical membrane antigen 1 and merozoite surface protein 4/5 can prime humoral and cellular immune responses and partially protect mice against virulent Plasmodium chabaudi adami DS malaria.Infection and immunity · 2004Article
- Reduced immunogenicity of DNA vaccine plasmids in mixtures.Gene therapy · 2004Article
- Induction of Plasmodium falciparum transmission-blocking antibodies in nonhuman primates by a combination of DNA and protein immunizations.Infection and immunity · 2004Article
- Induction of potent immune responses by cationic microparticles with adsorbed human immunodeficiency virus DNA vaccines.Journal of virology · 2001Article
- Induction of CD4(+) T cell-dependent CD8(+) type 1 responses in humans by a malaria DNA vaccine.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2001Article
- Multistage multiantigen heterologous prime boost vaccine for Plasmodium knowlesi malaria provides partial protection in rhesus macaques.Infection and immunity · 2001Article
- Safety of a GM-CSF adjuvant-plasmid DNA malaria vaccine.Gene therapy · 2001Article
- Route and method of delivery of DNA vaccine influence immune responses in mice and non-human primates.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 1999Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
CD8(+) T cells have been implicated as critical effector cells in protective immunity against malaria parasites developing within hepatocytes. A vaccine that protects against malaria by inducing CD8(+) T cells will probably have to include multiple epitopes on the same protein or different proteins, because of parasite polymorphism and genetic restriction of T-cell responses. To determine if CD8(+) T-cell responses against multiple P. falciparum proteins can be induced in primates by immunization with plasmid DNA, rhesus monkeys were immunized intramuscularly with a mixture of DNA plasmids encoding four P. falciparum proteins or with individual plasmids. All six monkeys immunized with PfCSP DNA, seven of nine immunized with PfSSP2 DNA, and five of six immunized with PfExp-1 or PfLSA-1 DNA had detectable antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) after in vitro restimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. CTL activity was genetically restricted and dependent on CD8(+) T cells. By providing the first evidence for primates that immunization with a mixture of DNA plasmids induces CD8(+) T-cell responses against all the components of the mixture, these studies provide the foundation for multigene immunization of humans.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.