ArticleMolecular and cellular biology1998
Induction of differentiation in normal human keratinocytes by adenovirus-mediated introduction of the eta and delta isoforms of protein kinase C.
Article in Molecular and cellular biology, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 195 citations in OpenAlex.
- Various Cellular Components and Its Signaling Cascades Through the Involvement of Signaling Messengers in Keratinocyte Differentiation.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Epidermal growth factor receptor-dependent stimulation of differentiation by human papillomavirus type 16 E5.Virology · 2024Article
- GRHL3 Promotes Tumor Growth and Metastasis via the MEK Pathway in Colorectal Cancer.Analytical cellular pathology (Amsterdam) · 2021Article
- The Enigmatic Protein Kinase C-eta.Cancers · 2019Review
- ADAM17/EGFR axis promotes transglutaminase-dependent skin barrier formation through phospholipase C γ1 and protein kinase C pathways.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Ingenol Disoxate: A Novel 4-Isoxazolecarboxylate Ester of Ingenol with Improved Properties for Treatment of Actinic Keratosis and Other Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers.Dermatology and therapy · 2016Article
- Regulation of Thrombin-Induced Lung Endothelial Cell Barrier Disruption by Protein Kinase C Delta.PloS one · 2016Article
- Role of ellagic acid in regulation of apoptosis by modulating novel and atypical PKC in lymphoma bearing mice.BMC complementary and alternative medicine · 2015Article
- Upregulation of PKCη by PKCε and PDK1 involves two distinct mechanisms and promotes breast cancer cell survival.Biochimica et biophysica acta · 2013Article
- Protein kinase C δ increases Kruppel-like factor 4 protein, which drives involucrin gene transcription in differentiating keratinocytes.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2013Article
- PKCβII modulation of myocyte contractile performance.Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology · 2012Article
- The role of protein kinase cη in T cell biology.Frontiers in immunology · 2012Article
- Protein kinase C (PKC) delta suppresses keratinocyte proliferation by increasing p21(Cip1) level by a KLF4 transcription factor-dependent mechanism.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2011Article
- PKCη promotes a proliferation to differentiation switch in keratinocytes via upregulation of p27Kip1 mRNA through suppression of JNK/c-Jun signaling under stress conditions.Cell death & disease · 2011Article
- Direct binding of RalA to PKCη and its crucial role in morphological change during keratinocyte differentiation.Molecular biology of the cell · 2011Article
- p38 phosphorylates Rb on Ser567 by a novel, cell cycle-independent mechanism that triggers Rb-Hdm2 interaction and apoptosis.Oncogene · 2011Article
- Altered morphology and function of the lacrimal functional unit in protein kinase C{alpha} knockout mice.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2010Article
- The potential use of protein kinase D inhibitors for prevention/treatment of epidermal tumors.Journal of dermatological science · 2010Article
- Protective effect of hydrogen sulphide against 6-OHDA-induced cell injury in SH-SY5Y cells involves PKC/PI3K/Akt pathway.British journal of pharmacology · 2010Article
- Opposing actions of insulin and arsenite converge on PKCdelta to alter keratinocyte proliferative potential and differentiation.Molecular carcinogenesis · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Protein kinase C (PKC) plays a crucial role(s) in regulation of growth and differentiation of cells. In the present study, we examined possible roles of the alpha, delta, eta, and zeta isoforms of PKC in squamous differentiation by overexpressing these genes in normal human keratinocytes. Because of the difficulty of introducing foreign genes into keratinocytes, we used an adenovirus vector system, Ax, which allows expression of these genes at a high level in almost all the cells infected for at least 72 h. Increased kinase activity was demonstrated in the cells overexpressing the alpha, delta, and eta isoforms. Overexpression of the eta isoform inhibited the growth of keratinocytes of humans and mice in a dose (multiplicity of infection [MOI])-dependent manner, leading to G1 arrest. The eta-overexpressing cells became enlarged and flattened, showing squamous cell phenotypes. Expression and activity of transglutaminase 1, a key enzyme of squamous cell differentiation, were induced in the eta-overexpressing cells in dose (MOI)- and time-dependent manners. The inhibition of growth and the induction of transglutaminase 1 activity were found only in the cells that express the eta isoform endogenously, i.e., in human and mouse keratinocytes but not in human and mouse fibroblasts or COS1 cells. A dominant-negative eta isoform counteracted the induction of transglutaminase 1 by differentiation inducers such as a phorbol ester, 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, and a high concentration of Ca2+. Among the isoforms examined, the delta isoform also inhibited the growth of keratinocytes and induced transglutaminase 1, but the alpha and zeta isoforms did not. These findings indicate that the eta and delta isoforms of PKC are involved crucially in squamous cell differentiation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.